. Labor problems and labor legislation . B. Wilson estimated thatthere are at all times in the United States fromone to three millions who are employed or un-employed in accordance with industrial activityor industrial depression. Thus the federal Cen-sus of Manufactures for 1909 showed that in theslackest month of the year the number of thoseemployed was per cent, less than in thebusiest month. Such irregularity of work causes loss to bothemployer and workman. The latter loses bythe stoppage or reduction of wages, leading tosuffering, discouragement, and often suicide orcrime. Morality a
. Labor problems and labor legislation . B. Wilson estimated thatthere are at all times in the United States fromone to three millions who are employed or un-employed in accordance with industrial activityor industrial depression. Thus the federal Cen-sus of Manufactures for 1909 showed that in theslackest month of the year the number of thoseemployed was per cent, less than in thebusiest month. Such irregularity of work causes loss to bothemployer and workman. The latter loses bythe stoppage or reduction of wages, leading tosuffering, discouragement, and often suicide orcrime. Morality and religion/ in the wordsof Horace Greeley, are but words to him whofishes in the gutters for means of sustaining life,and crouches behind barrels in the street forshelter from the cutting blasts of a winter employer, on the other hand, loses throughthe interruption of output and sales, and alsothrough the high expense attached to breaking innew help. Careful studies have found this ex- [9] LABOR PROBLEMS AND LABOR LEGISLATION. OUT OF A JOB. During industrial depressions the homeless unemployed inlarge cities often go shelterless. pense to range from $50 to $100 for each newworker. In addition to fluctuations in the demand forlabor due to the seasons or the recurrent wavesof industrial prosperity and depression, otherimportant causes of involuntary idleness arechanges in the nature or location of industry,lack of a centralized market for labor, excessivehiring and firing or labor turn-over, and ir-regular or casual nature of the work. As thesecauses have always been more or less operative,unemployment has been always present, in goodtimes as well as in bad. As stated by an official [10] EMPLOYMENT United States report, Most unemployment hasno connection whatever with any fault of theworker. It is a problem of industry. Distribution of Labor Supply At the same time that there have been thou-sands of men fruitlessly searching for work,there have been employers eagerly s
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectlaboran, bookyear1922
