. Bulletin. Ethnology. Vol. 3] THE TROPICAL FORESTS—LOWIE 23 an ordinary dugout could not pass, and being easily carried on the head over a portage. In very shallow water the Indians pole their boats; otherwise they propel them with paddles having leaf-shaped or circular blades and usually a crescentic handle. MANUFACTURES Bark cloth.—One center for bark cloth lies in northwestern Bolivia (Nordenskiold, 1924 b, p. 208 et seq., maps 28 and 30) ; another among the Tucanoans, Zaparoans, Jivaro, and Arawak of the upper Amazon. The industry characterizes none of the three major stocks of our area,
. Bulletin. Ethnology. Vol. 3] THE TROPICAL FORESTS—LOWIE 23 an ordinary dugout could not pass, and being easily carried on the head over a portage. In very shallow water the Indians pole their boats; otherwise they propel them with paddles having leaf-shaped or circular blades and usually a crescentic handle. MANUFACTURES Bark cloth.—One center for bark cloth lies in northwestern Bolivia (Nordenskiold, 1924 b, p. 208 et seq., maps 28 and 30) ; another among the Tucanoans, Zaparoans, Jivaro, and Arawak of the upper Amazon. The industry characterizes none of the three major stocks of our area, but rather such marginal groups as the Witoto (pi. 83), Tucano, Campa, Yuracare, and Chacoho. The inner layer of the Ficus bark usually pro- vides the material, which is beaten out with a grooved mallet. (See pi. 94, bottom; p. 779.) Among the Yuracare this craft is vital, producing men's and women's shirts, which are stamped with painted designs; baby slings; pouches; and mosquito nets. Bast shirts are also typical of mas- culine dress among the Chacoho (Nordenskiold, 1922, pp. 60, 94, 95). The Tucano use bark cloth for mummers' masks and costumes and for images (pi. 64). Basketry.—The Shiriana, Waica, Caraja, and Guaharibo make only twined baskets, perhaps a survival of the earliest technique. (For twining technique, see pi. 95, bottom, right.) Twilling (pi. 95, bottom, left) and latticework (fig. 2) are very widespread. For Guiana are recorded such. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington : G. P. O.
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