. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . Fig. 191.—Cleavage Planes with Crystals ar- Fig. 192. — Cleavage Planes with Crystals arranged[ Symmetrically. (J. W. Mellor.) in an Irregular Manner. (J. W. Mellor.). Fig. 193. — Iron strained beyond the Elastic Limit.(J. A. Ewing and W. Rosenhain.) Fig. 194. — Lead strained beyond the ElasticLimit. (J. A. Ewing and W. Rosenhain.) Examining now what takes place in the metal under repeated stress, Ewingand Rosenhain * found if a metal is strained past its yieldin
. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . Fig. 191.—Cleavage Planes with Crystals ar- Fig. 192. — Cleavage Planes with Crystals arranged[ Symmetrically. (J. W. Mellor.) in an Irregular Manner. (J. W. Mellor.). Fig. 193. — Iron strained beyond the Elastic Limit.(J. A. Ewing and W. Rosenhain.) Fig. 194. — Lead strained beyond the ElasticLimit. (J. A. Ewing and W. Rosenhain.) Examining now what takes place in the metal under repeated stress, Ewingand Rosenhain * found if a metal is strained past its yielding point — elasticlimit — the faces of the crystal grains (Fig. 193) show fine black lines, whichincrease in number as the strain increases. Lines appear on certain crystalsnearly transverse to the pull, as the strain increases lines appear upon other * J. A. Ewing and W. Rosenhain, Phil. Trans., 193, 353, 1899; 195, 279, 1900. J. A. Ewingand J. C. W. Humfrey, Ibid., 200, 241, 1902. W. Rosenhain, Journal Iron and Steel Inst., 67, i, 335,1904. F. Osmond and C. Fremont and G. Cartaud, Revue de Metallurgie, 1, i, 1904. 274 STEEL RAILS grains. Intersecting lines then make their appearance on some of the a strained surface is shown in Fig. 194. The lines are apparently not actu
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