Diseases of children for nurses . by the tricuspid valve, so-called becauseit has three leaflets. The right auricle contains the orifice of the superiorand inferior vena cava. This opening is surroundedby a sphincteric muscular band to prevent a back-flowof the blood. The left auricle opens into the left ventricle by themitral orifice, which is closed by the mitral valve, socalled because it resembles a bishops miter. The functionof the valve is to prevent a return flow of blood to thechamber it has left. The left auricle contains the orifice of the pulmonaryvein. The right ventricle contains
Diseases of children for nurses . by the tricuspid valve, so-called becauseit has three leaflets. The right auricle contains the orifice of the superiorand inferior vena cava. This opening is surroundedby a sphincteric muscular band to prevent a back-flowof the blood. The left auricle opens into the left ventricle by themitral orifice, which is closed by the mitral valve, socalled because it resembles a bishops miter. The functionof the valve is to prevent a return flow of blood to thechamber it has left. The left auricle contains the orifice of the pulmonaryvein. The right ventricle contains the orifice of the pul-monary artery. This is closed by the pulmonary semi-lunar valves. 155 56 DISEASES OF CHILDREN FOR NURSES The left ventricle contains the orifice of the aorta,closed by the aortic semilunar valves. The valves are made of thin fibrous tissue andcovered by the endocardium. They are attached to theheart-muscle walls by the corda tendince, little filamentsof muscular tissue. Normally, the valves perfectly close. Fig. 43.—Right auricle and ventricle opened: 1, Superior vena cava; 2, inferiorvena cava; 3, right auricle; 4, cavity of right ventricle; 4, papillary muscles; 5, 5,5, tricuspid valve; 6, pulmonary artery and semilunar valve; 7, 8, aorta; 10, left au-ricle; 11, left ventricle. (Allen Thomson). the orifice at which they are situated after the column ofblood passes that point. The endocardium is the lining membrane of theheart. It covers the inner walls of all the cavities andboth sides of the leaflets of the valves. DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 157 The pericardium is a serous membrane and formsa sack in which the heart is contained. It is like thepleura and covers the heart in a similar manner as thatmembrane does the lungs. One portion covers theheart-muscle intimately, being firmly attached to it;, andthe other portion is reflected, forming a closed the two layers there is about one ounce of aserous fluid which lubricates the oppo
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