The physical geography of New York state . ; IV, 1*7o. 1!»::-^14. -Newlierry first -:ij,| tliat tlir ( ,-liaiiiM-l WM H>n I., t l,r|.,\v iln- sur-face; but (Qeol. Survey Ohio. I. I>7::, ; i -ln>\\- tlial tin i|.-|tli i- as LL8 feet. I Mull. (i<|. Soc. \I I 1. 1M»7. 6-13), tlf eln\v lake level. ;!Pop. S7>. 641-660; PfOC. Iliil. Boo., X\.91-95. Second Geol. Survey Pennsylvania. l,Y|.rt III. L880, sproc. Amer. 1-hil. Soc., XX. 1882-83, . 228 The Physical Geography of Neiv York State Spenc
The physical geography of New York state . ; IV, 1*7o. 1!»::-^14. -Newlierry first -:ij,| tliat tlir ( ,-liaiiiM-l WM H>n I., t l,r|.,\v iln- sur-face; but (Qeol. Survey Ohio. I. I>7::, ; i -ln>\\- tlial tin i|.-|tli i- as LL8 feet. I Mull. (i<|. Soc. \I I 1. 1M»7. 6-13), tlf eln\v lake level. ;!Pop. S7>. 641-660; PfOC. Iliil. Boo., X\.91-95. Second Geol. Survey Pennsylvania. l,Y|.rt III. L880, sproc. Amer. 1-hil. Soc., XX. 1882-83, . 228 The Physical Geography of Neiv York State Spencer has also1 attempted to reconstruct the pre-glacial drainage of the Great Lakes and has pointed outthe existence of numerous buried valleys, notably one Direction of Glaciation, a, (/. Submerged Escarpment in Lake , f>. Submerged Escarpment in Lake Ontario. Lake Ontario 247 feet, Erie 573feet, Huron and Michigan 382feet, Simcoe 722 feet nbove FIG. 123. Spencers interpretation of the preglacial course of the drainage of the Great Lakes region. apparently connecting Lakes Erie and Ontario, via Hamil-ton, in Ontario. He has realized the difficulty of proposingan outlet for Ontario, because neither the Mohawk northe St. Lawrence courses seem adequate, and there is noother place apparent. This difficulty he meets by assum-ing that the outlet has been closed by the tilting of theland, so that the old valley, which was approximately alongthe line of the present St. Lawrence, no longer slopeseastward. As will be seen by the map (Fig. 123), Spencerlocates the sites of these supposed rivers, and gives themnames. Still another opinion concerning the former course ofthe drainage of the Great Lake region is that much of thewater formerly outflowed to the Gulf of Mexico through 1 Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XIX, 1880-81, 300-337; Second Geol. Survey PennsylvaniaKept. QQQQ, 1881, 357-406; Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., XXX, 1881, 131-146; sam
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