. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 200 G. O. MACKIE AND C. L. SINGLA o> o CO « 3 E o ^ 'o last pulse. a 3 pulses «15 pulses -I time (mins) FIGURE 11. Changes in circumference of a cloacal aperture following TP trains of 3 pulses and 15 pulses, both at 10 pulses per minute. For the experiments reported above, stimulation parameters were deliberately kept at a moderate level, so that each shock produced a single propagated TP. Stronger stimulation which causes multiple firing of the TP system, or repetition of normal stimuli at higher frequencies can produce
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 200 G. O. MACKIE AND C. L. SINGLA o> o CO « 3 E o ^ 'o last pulse. a 3 pulses «15 pulses -I time (mins) FIGURE 11. Changes in circumference of a cloacal aperture following TP trains of 3 pulses and 15 pulses, both at 10 pulses per minute. For the experiments reported above, stimulation parameters were deliberately kept at a moderate level, so that each shock produced a single propagated TP. Stronger stimulation which causes multiple firing of the TP system, or repetition of normal stimuli at higher frequencies can produce almost complete closure of the apertures. Under these circumstances, the whole upper surface of the tunic has con- tracted to some extent, and the cloacal space has diminished. Therefore, although no attempt was made to quantify these observations, it seems clear that the contraction of the cloacal apertures is only part of an overall contractile response involving the whole tunic. Re-examination of Botryllus The discovery of a tunic conduction system in Diplosoma raised questions about our earlier results with Perophora and with Botryllus and its relatives (Mackie and E o 5 • — control. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass. ); Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass. ). Annual report 1907/08-1952; Lillie, Frank Rattray, 1870-1947; Moore, Carl Richard, 1892-; Redfield, Alfred Clarence, 1890-1983. Woods Hole, Mass. : Marine Biological Laboratory
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
