The ecology of the Apalachicola The ecology of the Apalachicola Bay system : an estuarine profile ecologyofapalach00livi Year: [1984] Apalachicola flood plain remains relative- ly intact as a functional bottomland hardwood system. Tupelo, gum, and cypress species are dominant in the upper flood plain (Table 4). The lower flood plain is characterized by coastal plain pine flatlands, coastal dunes (shortleaf pine, titi, and bayhead) and freshwater and brackish marshes. Various forest associations occur in different regions of the basin (Table 4) (Leitman 1^83, H. M. Leitman et al. 1982): (1) Th
The ecology of the Apalachicola The ecology of the Apalachicola Bay system : an estuarine profile ecologyofapalach00livi Year: [1984] Apalachicola flood plain remains relative- ly intact as a functional bottomland hardwood system. Tupelo, gum, and cypress species are dominant in the upper flood plain (Table 4). The lower flood plain is characterized by coastal plain pine flatlands, coastal dunes (shortleaf pine, titi, and bayhead) and freshwater and brackish marshes. Various forest associations occur in different regions of the basin (Table 4) (Leitman 1^83, H. M. Leitman et al. 1982): (1) The sweetgum/sugarberry/ water oak/loblolly pine association is found in dry to damp soils or wetland-toupland/transition areas. These forest types decrease in the area within the basin as the river approaches the coast. (?) The water hickory/sweetgum/overcup oak/green ash/sugarberry association covers about 78 of the floodplain mainly in the uoper and middle reaches of the river basin. This association is not common in the lower reaches of the valley. (^) The water tupelo/ogeechee tupelo/baldcypress association is found in dry to saturated soils and is concentrated along waterways and relict waterways in the lower reaches of the river basin. (4) The water tupeln/baldcypress association is located in damp to saturated soils along the entire length of the river. Pioneer associations are dominated by a narrow zone of black willow in areas inundated more than ?^ of the time. Marsh areas are located along the lower river. Water depth, duration of inundation and saturation, and fluctuations in water levels all contribute to the composition of the wetland forests. These conditions 100-YR FLOOD HURRICANE FLOOD ^^~~l 1 J <''' f Ml BASIN ^^^-p LIMITS \h 1 r / -=c^^ ALLUVIAL SOILS Figure 18. Frequently flooded areas and soil associations in the Apalachicola River Basin (taken from the Florida Department of Administration 1977). 23
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