A history of the growth of the steam-engine . es stroke of piston. The connecting-rods were directly STEAM-LOCOMOTION ON BAILEOADS. 213 attached to a cranked axle, and turned four coupled wheels4^ feet in diameter. These wheels had cast-iron hubs andwrought-iron spokes and tires. The tubes were of copper,2^ inches in diameter and 6 feet long. The engine weighed3^ tons, and hauled 5 cars at the rate of 30 miles an hour. Another engine, the South Carolina (Fig. 62), -vi^asdesigned by Horatio Allen for the South Carolina Railroad,and completed late in the year 1831. This was the firsteight-wheele
A history of the growth of the steam-engine . es stroke of piston. The connecting-rods were directly STEAM-LOCOMOTION ON BAILEOADS. 213 attached to a cranked axle, and turned four coupled wheels4^ feet in diameter. These wheels had cast-iron hubs andwrought-iron spokes and tires. The tubes were of copper,2^ inches in diameter and 6 feet long. The engine weighed3^ tons, and hauled 5 cars at the rate of 30 miles an hour. Another engine, the South Carolina (Fig. 62), -vi^asdesigned by Horatio Allen for the South Carolina Railroad,and completed late in the year 1831. This was the firsteight-wheeled engine, and the prototype, also, of a peculiarand lately-revived form of engine. In the summer of 1832, an engine built by Messrs. Davis& Gartner, of York, Pa., was put on the Baltimore &Ohio road, which at times attained a speed, unloaded, of 30miles an hour. The engine weighed 3-J- tons, and drew,-usually, 4 cars, weighing altogether 14 tons, from Baltimoreto EUicotts Mills, a distance of 13 miles, in the schedule-time, one Fig. 62.—The South CaroUna, 1881. Horatio Allens engine on the South Carolina Railroadis said to have been the first eight-wheeled engine ever built. It was at about the time of which we are now writingthat the first locomotive was built of what is now distinc- 214 THE MODERN STEAM-ENGINE. tively known as the American type—an engine with a truck or bogie under the forward end of the was the American No. 1, built at the West PointFoundery, from plans furnished by John B. Jervis, ChiefEngineer, for the Mohawk & Hudson Railroad. RossWinans had already (1831) introduced the passenger-carwith swiveling trucks. It was completed in August, 1832,and is said by Mr. Matthew to have been an extremely fastand smooth-running engine. A mile a minute was repeat-edly attained, and it is stated by the same authority, thata speed of 80 miles an hour was sometimes made over asingle mile. This engine had cylinders 9-^ inches diameter,16 inches stroke
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