Roman antiquities: or, An account of the manners and customs of the Romans; . rprize of victory, or for victory itself.^ Palma lemniscata, apalm crown with ribands,^ hanging down from it; huic consiliopalman do, I value myself chiefly on account of this contri-vance.^^ ^- Contests of agility and strength, of which there Avere five kinds: running,^^ leaping,^^ boxing,^* wrestling ^^ and throwing 1 mappa vel panno mis- 5 Suet. Claud. 21. Ner. surgit, et sursum niti-so. 22. Dom. 4. tur, Gell. iii. 6. Plin. 2 Prop. ii. 25, 26. Sen. 6 Suet. Gal. 32. Virg. xvi. 42. s. 81. 12. Ep. 30. Ov. Hal. 68. ^n
Roman antiquities: or, An account of the manners and customs of the Romans; . rprize of victory, or for victory itself.^ Palma lemniscata, apalm crown with ribands,^ hanging down from it; huic consiliopalman do, I value myself chiefly on account of this contri-vance.^^ ^- Contests of agility and strength, of which there Avere five kinds: running,^^ leaping,^^ boxing,^* wrestling ^^ and throwing 1 mappa vel panno mis- 5 Suet. Claud. 21. Ner. surgit, et sursum niti-so. 22. Dom. 4. tur, Gell. iii. 6. Plin. 2 Prop. ii. 25, 26. Sen. 6 Suet. Gal. 32. Virg. xvi. 42. s. 81. 12. Ep. 30. Ov. Hal. 68. ^n. iii. 245. Mart. x. 9 Hor. Od. i. 1. 5. Juv. 3 unus missus, -fis. 50. 74. Juv. vii. 113. xi. 181. Vire. G. iii. 4 Sery. Virg. G. iii. 18. 7 Liv. x. 47. 49. Ov. 8. quadrijugi. 8 adversus pondus re- 10 lemnisci. 2 A 11 Ter. Heaut. iv. 3. Rose. Am. 35. 12 cursiis. 13 saltus. 14 pugilatus, 15 lucta. •278 ROMAN AyxiQUniKS. the discus or quoit ^ (represented in the subjoined cut); hencecalled pentathlum,- vel -o«, or certamen athleticum vel gymni-. cum, because they contended naked,^ with nothing- on but jtrowsers or drawers,* whence gymnasium, a place of exercise, or Ia school. This covering, which went from the waist downwards, ]and supplied the place ofa tunic, was called campes-TRE,^ because it was usedin the exercises of theCampus Martius, and thosewho used it, anciently at the Olym-pic g-ames.** The athletcB were an-ointed Avith a glutinousointment called ceroma,by slaves called aliptaj;whence liquida palestra,uncta , and worea coarse shaggy garmentcalled ENDROMis, -idis^used of finer stuff by wo-men, also by those whoplayed at that kind ofhand-ball,^ called trigonor HARPASTUM. The com-
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