. The animans and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology. other extinct animals of Glacial times. There is nodoubt that man lived on this earth at least as far back asthe beginning of this present geologic epoch, the Quaternary(or Pleistocene) and it is probable, though not proved toanything like the unanimous satisfaction of anthropologists,that he existed in late Tertiary times. At any rate the human species, upright, large-brained,with wit enough to chip flints into rough weapons, and to 384 ANCIENT AND MODERN MAN 385 make fire, and probably capable of speech, lived on
. The animans and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology. other extinct animals of Glacial times. There is nodoubt that man lived on this earth at least as far back asthe beginning of this present geologic epoch, the Quaternary(or Pleistocene) and it is probable, though not proved toanything like the unanimous satisfaction of anthropologists,that he existed in late Tertiary times. At any rate the human species, upright, large-brained,with wit enough to chip flints into rough weapons, and to 384 ANCIENT AND MODERN MAN 385 make fire, and probably capable of speech, lived on thisearth one hundred thousand years ago. Some geologistsmake this distance backward in time a shorter one by half;most make it twice as long. At least it was back to the daysof great wild animals now extinct, and when other animalsand plants that now live only in the Arctic regions lived inmiddle Europe. During the Quaternary epoch four successive large animalspecies have lived in and disappeared from France, namely,the cave-bear, the mammoth, the reindeer and the FIG. 188. Specimen of Indian picture-writing. (After Lubbock.) Man has lived contemporaneously with them all. He usedtheir flesh for food and has left representations of them inrude carvings and drawings. All through these times heused stone implements chipped and shaped by his relics exist by thousands in all the great museumsof the world. And, besides, as we shall see in a moment,the early Quaternary man has left his own bones to proveeven more positively his existence. From a geologic epoch earlier than Quaternary thereare in existence certain suggestively shaped pieces of flint,called eoliths, concerning which a great strife rages among 386 THE ANIMALS AND MAN the scientific men. Some say they show the indubitablecrude work of earliest man; others say that their shapeand chipped character are due to the fortuitous action ofthe elements. If these eoliths are of human shaping, thedawn of mans
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