A treatise on architecture and building construction . Fig. .34. r shown at b, Fig. 34. If the top is level or slopes inwardly, rainwill collect, and in time will cause the disintegration of themortar in the adjacent joints,and will finally penetrate thewall. The beveled surfacesare called ivashcs. On theunder side of the cornices,etc., drips should be made,to prevent rain from flow-ing down the faces of thewalls. At a, Fig. 34, is shownthe drip; at b, the wash of thecornice; and at c, the stonecut to a sharp angle, to shedpart of the water from thatedge. Window sills should alsohave a drip cu
A treatise on architecture and building construction . Fig. .34. r shown at b, Fig. 34. If the top is level or slopes inwardly, rainwill collect, and in time will cause the disintegration of themortar in the adjacent joints,and will finally penetrate thewall. The beveled surfacesare called ivashcs. On theunder side of the cornices,etc., drips should be made,to prevent rain from flow-ing down the faces of thewalls. At a, Fig. 34, is shownthe drip; at b, the wash of thecornice; and at c, the stonecut to a sharp angle, to shedpart of the water from thatedge. Window sills should alsohave a drip cut in them, as shown at a. Fig. 35, to keep thewalls below from becoming discolored by dirt washed offthe sills by Fig. 35. 38 MASONRY. § 8 LINTELS. 71. A lintel, often called a cap, is a stone supportingthe wall over a door or window opening; and, as it is toresist bending stress, should be a strong, tough stone,having an ample cross-section. The ends of stone lintelsshould not be built into the walls more than is necessary togive sufficient bearing; 4 to 6 inches at each end is the usualallowance. There should be a little play allowed at eachend, so that, if the walls on either side settle unevenly, thelintels can yield slightly without cracking. 73. Strengtli of Ijintels.—A lintel acts as a beam, andhence the ordinary beam formulas will apply. For uni-formly loaded beams, the breaking load is found as follows: Rule.—Multiply tzvice the breadth in inches by the squareof the depth in inches, and also by the proper constant fromthe table. Divide the product by the span in feet; the quo-tient will be the breaking zveight for a uniformly loadedbeam. Expressed by a formula, this rule is: ^^^^ -
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