. Cyclopedia of farm crops, a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada;. Farm produce; Agriculture. Raising the Timber Crop. By Samuel B. Green. Trees may be divided into two classes: (1) Those that are called shade-enduring or tolerant, and (2) those that are light-de- manding or intolerant. These characteristics of trees are of great importance in considering the subject of the renewal of growth on forest lands, or even in the matter of planting land that is not yet in forest. While it is not an absolute rule that tolerant trees have a thick mass of fol
. Cyclopedia of farm crops, a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada;. Farm produce; Agriculture. Raising the Timber Crop. By Samuel B. Green. Trees may be divided into two classes: (1) Those that are called shade-enduring or tolerant, and (2) those that are light-de- manding or intolerant. These characteristics of trees are of great importance in considering the subject of the renewal of growth on forest lands, or even in the matter of planting land that is not yet in forest. While it is not an absolute rule that tolerant trees have a thick mass of foliage, and intolerant have open foliage, yet this statement is so generally true that when this characteristic is known it serves as a very reliable indication. Among our tolerant trees may be mentioned the spruce, balsam, white cedar, red cedar, oak, hornbeam and hard maple. Among our intolerant species are the poplar, cottonwood, willow, soft maple, birch and jack and red pine. The ideal forest is one that might be called a two-storied affair, that is, having an in- tolerant species above and a tolerant species below, much the same as in a crop of corn, where we may have pumpkins growing under the shade of the corn. Trees protect one an- other and are mutually helpful, and as a rule are most hardy when grown in groups. Trees also interfere with one another, and in their struggle for light and soil privileges the weaker trees are often suppressed and per- haps all of them are injured. On the other hand, crowding forces them to take on an upward growth and kills out the lower branches, which is necessary for the production of good timber. Trees that grow in the open have side branches and make inferior lumber that is full of knots. Fig. 459. Wliite pine {Finua Strobus).. Fig. 460. Red or Norway pine {Pinua resinosa).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these ill
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