. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club. Jose Cabot & Tjitte de Vries 192 Bull. 2003 123(3) according to the range of values given by de Vries (1973) and Cabot (1991). Additionally, 16 live birds from Peru (115. polyosoma and 5 B. poecilochrous), in private zoos and hawking centres, were examined. Measurements Comparison of the two species was based on the following measurements (with an emphasis on those related to wing shape) of museum skins: mass obtained from data on label; culmen from cere; culmen from base, from the tip of the bill to the angle at the front of the skull;
. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club. Jose Cabot & Tjitte de Vries 192 Bull. 2003 123(3) according to the range of values given by de Vries (1973) and Cabot (1991). Additionally, 16 live birds from Peru (115. polyosoma and 5 B. poecilochrous), in private zoos and hawking centres, were examined. Measurements Comparison of the two species was based on the following measurements (with an emphasis on those related to wing shape) of museum skins: mass obtained from data on label; culmen from cere; culmen from base, from the tip of the bill to the angle at the front of the skull; cranial width (post-orbital); length of the cubito-radius; tarsus; inner toe, middle toe, outer toe and hind toe; inner claw, middle claw, outer claw and hind claw (all measurements taken with a calliper to the nearest mm). Wing length; length of emargination and notch of the five outermost primaries (P6, P7, P8, P9, P10), from the beginning of the feature to the tip; consecutive distances between the tips of the five outermost primaries (P9-P10, P8-P9, P7-P8, P6-P7) and the width of the free fingers of the three outermost primaries at the point where both emargination and notch start to coincide (Fig. 1). Wing length and feather lengths: alula, outermost primary (P10), the outermost and innermost secondaries were measured at their maximum length (straightened and flattened against a ruler to the nearest mm). Tail and feathers were measured (nearest 1mm) from their base at skin insertion to their distal extreme. The data taken from live birds were as follows: (a) body mass (g) using a digital balance; (b) gender determined by body measurement (de Vries 1973), and by the use of a molecular technique (Ellegren 1996) (all results coincided for all individuals); (c) wing-span (mm) using a measuring tape - two helpers held birds face up with 1. Figure 1. Sketch of primary feathers to indicate measurements taken. Emargination length (1), notch length (2), width of tip (3) a
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