. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. REPTILIA. 321 with recurved spines (fig. 233, k). Essentially, these organs are merely a derivation from or a modification of the skin, which is here lined with erectile tissue. When in a state of re- pose, these organs are inverted and retracted beneath the skin of the tail, immediately behind the anus. Each penis is provided with a special mus- cle derived from beneath the first caudal vertebra • this muscle is inserted into the bottom of the pouch when the organ is re- tracted, and serves to retain it in this posi- ti
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. REPTILIA. 321 with recurved spines (fig. 233, k). Essentially, these organs are merely a derivation from or a modification of the skin, which is here lined with erectile tissue. When in a state of re- pose, these organs are inverted and retracted beneath the skin of the tail, immediately behind the anus. Each penis is provided with a special mus- cle derived from beneath the first caudal vertebra • this muscle is inserted into the bottom of the pouch when the organ is re- tracted, and serves to retain it in this posi- tion. The contraction of the muscles of the tail contributes with the state of erection to make them protrude from the opening of the cloaca. It seems to be an axiom universally ap- plicable, that in those genera of reptiles having the external opening of the cloaca placed transversely, a double penis exists, constructed upon the principle above de- scribed. Each lateral penis has a longitudinal groove that extends from its base to its extremity, the extremity of which, when the organ is in a state of erection, is continuous with a groove in the cloaca. In those reptiles that have the extremity of the penis bifurcated, as, for example, rattle- snakes (fig. 233,/i), the urethral groove, like- wise bifurcates, sending a branch along each division as far as its extremity. The armature of the glans varies in dif- ferent genera; sometimes it is smooth or simply covered by papilla?, or it may be covered with finely pointed spines or cartilaginous plates. Female Generative Organs. — The reproduc- Fig. Female Generative Organs of Lizard. a, ovaria; b, meso-oviduct; c, opening of fal- lopian tube; d, oviduct; e, ova contained in ovi- duct ; /, termination of oviduct; g, rectum; //, cloaca. live organs in the female reptilia are con- structed upon a plan of great simplicity, consisting merely of the ovaria and oviducts, through which the eggs are conducted out of the body. The o
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