. A short history of England and the British Empire. Ruins of Whitby Abbey bria, and in 664 he summoned a council at Whitby to debate the merits of the two During two centuries of independence and isolation, theCeltic church had developed certain peculiarities acTeristicsof that were of practical importance. The Britonswere inclined to regard Saint John as superior toSaint Peter; but this belief could not be tolerated by the Catholics of Rome, as it struck at the foundations of the Celticchurch. 1 Cheyney, No. $3; Innes, I, 5-7; Kendall, No. 4; Robinson, No. 19. 2 Gardiner, 49-50. T
. A short history of England and the British Empire. Ruins of Whitby Abbey bria, and in 664 he summoned a council at Whitby to debate the merits of the two During two centuries of independence and isolation, theCeltic church had developed certain peculiarities acTeristicsof that were of practical importance. The Britonswere inclined to regard Saint John as superior toSaint Peter; but this belief could not be tolerated by the Catholics of Rome, as it struck at the foundations of the Celticchurch. 1 Cheyney, No. $3; Innes, I, 5-7; Kendall, No. 4; Robinson, No. 19. 2 Gardiner, 49-50. THEODORE OF TARSUS 17 papal authority, which rested on the belief that Saint Peterhad once been bishop of Rome. The churches also celebratedEaster at different times: this was important, as it was almostnecessary that the Lenten season should begin for all at thesame time; otherwise one faction might be celebrating thejoys of Easter, while the other was deep in the sorrows of Pas-. The Church at Escomb, DurhamThis church is one of the oldest in England; it was built about 700. sion Week. The Celts, as a half nomadic people, emphasizedthe monastery as a center of religious worship, while the Romanchurch was organized on a parish basis, each village or groupof neighboring villages having its own church and priest. Theking finally decided in favor of the Roman system. 19. Theodore of Tarsus: Organization of the Church. Theorganization of the church among the Anglo-Saxons was chieflythe work of a Greek monk, Theodore of Tarsus, who came toEngland as archbishop of Canterbury five years after thecouncil of Whitby. Up to this time the work had remainedin the missionary stage with a missionary bishop directing thework in each kingdom. But some of the kingdoms, like North- i8 THE BEGINNINGS OF ENGLAND umbria and Mercia, were clearly too extensive for a singlebishop; there was danger, too, that under separate heads thechurches in these kingdoms might become independent of
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