. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 712 TELEOSTEI A well-known British fish of this family is the little Gunnel or Butter-Fish {Pholis gunnelhis), remarkalale for the manner in which the female protects her offspring, coiling herself round the eggs, which she rolls up into a ball about the size of a Brazil nut, in holes of the boring Mollusc (Fliolas). The male sometimes assists the female. Fam. 12. Zoarcidae.—Suborbitals not forming a subocular shelf; mouth feebly protractile. Praecaudal vertebrae with strong transverse processes bearing ribs and epipleurals. Gill-membranes usually more
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 712 TELEOSTEI A well-known British fish of this family is the little Gunnel or Butter-Fish {Pholis gunnelhis), remarkalale for the manner in which the female protects her offspring, coiling herself round the eggs, which she rolls up into a ball about the size of a Brazil nut, in holes of the boring Mollusc (Fliolas). The male sometimes assists the female. Fam. 12. Zoarcidae.—Suborbitals not forming a subocular shelf; mouth feebly protractile. Praecaudal vertebrae with strong transverse processes bearing ribs and epipleurals. Gill-membranes usually more or less broadly united to isthmus; 5 to 8 branchi- ostegal rays; gills 4, a slit behind the fourth; pseudobranchiae present or absent. Scapular arch as in Blenniidae. Ventral fins jugular or absent; if present, with 1 to 4 rays. Body more or less elongate, naked or with very small scales. Dorsal and anal fins elongate, all the rays articulated, or a few of the posterior dorsals spinous. Usually no distinct caudal Fig. 430.—Typhlonus nasus x J. (After Giinther.) These fishes have usually been placed, in part at least, near the Gadids, but they have more in common with the Blenniids, as pointed out by Jordan and Evermann, and may be regarded as degraded forms descended from the latter.^ The family is widely distributed in all seas, many of the forms being specially adapted to live at great depths. The species known number about 130. Principal genera: Scytalina, Zoarces, Lycodes,. Gymnelis, Lycocara, Melanostigma, Berepodichthys, JBathyonus, Porogad'us, Bythitis, Neohythitis, Gataetyx, Selachophidium, Acan- tJionus, Typlilonus, Ajjhyonus, Tauredophidium, Bhodichthys,. Brosmopihycis, Brohda, Li^cifuga, Lamprogrammus, Diplacantho- poma, Hepththocara. 1 It is in fact, in some cases, difficult to decide whether a genus should be referred to the Gadidae or to tlie Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally en
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