. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. PREHISTORIC NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. 623 the tliiid and fourlli tVaines fore ami aft; tlioy may have been inlcmdcd as su])iM>rts for the spars. In addition to mast and sail tbe ship earried thirty-two oars, sixteeu on each side, which were plied through circular portholes (Fig. 141) cut in the third strake from the top and placed midway between each pair of knees. The size of the oars, some of which were found to havx carved ornamentations, d
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. PREHISTORIC NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. 623 the tliiid and fourlli tVaines fore ami aft; tlioy may have been inlcmdcd as su])iM>rts for the spars. In addition to mast and sail tbe ship earried thirty-two oars, sixteeu on each side, which were plied through circular portholes (Fig. 141) cut in the third strake from the top and placed midway between each pair of knees. The size of the oars, some of which were found to havx carved ornamentations, diminished from amidship toward each end, and. Fig. 141. Oak Posts of Gokstad Ship. lauu's lUustrirte Munatshefte, Octiilier, 1882.) Fiii. 112. lUlUDEH OK GoKhlAl) SlIIP. (KriiuiN. Nichdlaysen, " Langskibi't Ir ;) corresponding decrease is noticeable in the portiioles. Back of each hole and a little above its horizontal diameter a slit is cut, through which the oars were shipped, and all being in the same direction all the blades would touch the water at a uniform angle. Intlux of Avater is prevented by a very ingenious api)lication in the form of a shutter having two projections, one of which was fastened to the inside of the ship with a spike, around which they would move and o])en with a forward movement of the oar; when closed the circu- lar portion would cover the port, while the lower i)rojection, resting against a pin, Avould perform a like service to the slit. The rudder (Fig. IIU) consisted of a ])l;nd^ in the shape of a broad oar, the lower portion of Avhich, in the middle, was provided with a Fig. 143. TiLLEU OF Gokstad Ship. (From N. Nttiuilaysi-n, "Laneskibel ln< GoksUul'") round hoh' through which it was held to the side of the vessel by means of a roj)e. Its short neck was caught by a grummet; the tiller (Fig. 143) was fitted into a square aperture in the opxDosite direction of the blade. The rudder was mounted with iron and Drovide
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