. Directory to the birds of Eastern North America .. . and in summer the species is social and fre-quents ponds and pools in marshes, swamps and in the pinewoods, but in winter are apt to live in thick swamps, andare then more solitary ; in flight, head and neck outstretched,wing-beats, slow, at all seasons rise high in air and circleabout for a long time. Perch on trees, especially at Has occurred in Mass. Differ from J in having the hind toe smaller and eleva-ted; front portion of head only ( in our species ) destitute offeathers. Nests, placed on the ground in fresh-water mars


. Directory to the birds of Eastern North America .. . and in summer the species is social and fre-quents ponds and pools in marshes, swamps and in the pinewoods, but in winter are apt to live in thick swamps, andare then more solitary ; in flight, head and neck outstretched,wing-beats, slow, at all seasons rise high in air and circleabout for a long time. Perch on trees, especially at Has occurred in Mass. Differ from J in having the hind toe smaller and eleva-ted; front portion of head only ( in our species ) destitute offeathers. Nests, placed on the ground in fresh-water marsh-es ; eggs, one or two, yellowish-brown. Young, leave thenest early and follow the i)arents. Not very social. A. CRANES. Gruidae. Characters as above. a. Grus. Crying- Cranes. Head destitute of feathers on front part and covered witha scaly skin. Emit loud, harsh, continuous gobbling species dance with half raised wings. 1. SANDHILL CRANE, G. mexicana. ; bill, ;slaty-blue throughout, primaries, brownish; bill and feet, Fie:. K, A, a, 1. ; naked space about head, lake: iris, ruby-red, lig. 128Young, more or less tinged with yellowish above ; iris, yellow 112 - CRANES. Southern portion of N. A. Kather common in Fla., frequent-ing marshy places in the pine woods and elsewhere. Shyand difficult to approach. 2. WHOOPING CRANE, G. Americana. ; bill,.; white, primaries, black. Young, yellowish; otherwiseasinl. The wing-beats of both species are slow, and inflight the neck and head are outstretched. Both species soarhigh in air much as in J , A, a, 1. Based upon the Limpkin, A. giganteus, the chief char-acters of this order are; Bill, much longer than the largehead ; neck, long; wings, rather long, folding nearly to tip ofshort tail, broad with ten primaries, the outer of which iscurved inward and enlarged at the terminal end and is muchshorter than the others; secondaries broad, and the inner areas long as the primaries. The tendon of the l


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