. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. 134 THE BRITISH BEE JOURNAL. [April 2, 1914. ROUMANIA. Following the River Danube from Bel- grade, we enter Roumania, where to the east of the Carpathian Mountains we find a fertile plateau. The hives (called "stup " or " ulei ") used here are either hollowed out of trunks of trees or upright boxes made of boards, generally covered with a loose lid. It is seldom that one encounters the Balkan skep in Roumania, although it is common in the other States. There are 310,000 colonies spread over the country, and the Apicultu
. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. 134 THE BRITISH BEE JOURNAL. [April 2, 1914. ROUMANIA. Following the River Danube from Bel- grade, we enter Roumania, where to the east of the Carpathian Mountains we find a fertile plateau. The hives (called "stup " or " ulei ") used here are either hollowed out of trunks of trees or upright boxes made of boards, generally covered with a loose lid. It is seldom that one encounters the Balkan skep in Roumania, although it is common in the other States. There are 310,000 colonies spread over the country, and the Apicultural School is situated in the mountains. The principal hive used in this apiary is of the Dadant pattern, which is making its way gradually all over the country, although several other types there are several bee-keepers who have taken to modern methods. As you will have seen, from the map I showed you, parts of the country are very moun- tainous. The pasturage, however, is good, there being acacias and lime trees in abundance, besides the regular mountain and alpine flora. The common Bulgarian hive, called " kosch," is made of coarse basket work of thin lathes, and the peasants kill the bees in the autumn to get the honey. Small swarms and weak lots are left to their fate, many of them perishing from starvation during the winter. Those using modern hives are able to obtain an average of 50 kilos of honey per hive, and the total produced yearly is said to be 1,000,000 kilos. The. APIARY OV M. J. PAPOVITCH, , SERVIA. of hives are also in use. One of the largest bee-keepers and pioneer of modern methods is Prince Stirbey. On his pro- perty at Buftea he has 420 colonies of bees. In a large bee-house there are 220 colonies. This house is provided with water-heating apparatus, so that in winter the temperature is never allowed to' get below 40degs. Fahr. In cold, damp springs the temperature is increased so as to enable the colonies to develop more rapidly. In
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