A popular history of France : from the earliest times . every right ofcommune and college, under whatsoever name. The king didnot like to execute this decree in all its rigor. He granted theburghers of Laon a charter which maintained them provisionallyin the enjoyment of their political rights, but with this destruc-tive clause: Said commune and said shrievalty shall be inforce only so far as it shall be our pleasure. For nearly thirtyyears, from Philip the Handsome to Philip of Valois, the bish-ops and burghers of Laon were in litigation before the crown ofFrance, the former for the maintenan
A popular history of France : from the earliest times . every right ofcommune and college, under whatsoever name. The king didnot like to execute this decree in all its rigor. He granted theburghers of Laon a charter which maintained them provisionallyin the enjoyment of their political rights, but with this destruc-tive clause: Said commune and said shrievalty shall be inforce only so far as it shall be our pleasure. For nearly thirtyyears, from Philip the Handsome to Philip of Valois, the bish-ops and burghers of Laon were in litigation before the crown ofFrance, the former for the maintenance of the commune of Laonin its precarious condition and at the kings good pleasure, thelatter for the recovery of its independent and durable last, in 1331, Philip of Valois, considering that the oldencommune of Laon, by reason of certain misdeeds and excesses,notorious, enormous, and detestable, had been removed and putdown forever by decree of the court of our most dear lord anduncle, King Philip the Handsome, confirmed and approved by. THE CATHEDRAL OF LAON. — Page 233. Chap. XIX.] THE COMMUNES AND THIRD ESTATE. 233 our most dear lords, Kings Philip and Charles, whose souls arewith God, we, on great deliberation of our council, have or-dained that no commune, corporation, college, shrievalty, mayor,jurymen, or any other estate or symbol belonging thereto, be atany time set up or established at Laon. By the same ordi-nance the municipal administration of Laon was put under thesole authority of the king and his delegates ; and to blot out allremembrance of the olden independence of the commune, alater ordinance forbade that the tower from which the two hugecommunal bells had been removed should thenceforth be calledbelfry-tower. The history of the commune of Laon is that of the majorityof the towns which, in Northern and Central France, struggledfrom the eleventh to the fourteenth century to release them-selves from feudal oppression and violence. Cambrai, Beau
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