. SUPERCLASS PISCES TETRAPODA-< CLAS! AGNATHA (Jowliii vartabratat) PLACODERMI (Cartaln prlmltlva "flthat") CHONDRICHTHYES (the shark*) OSTIICHTHYIS _ (Tha bony flthai) ~AM»HlalA (Tha amphibians) RIPTIIIA (Tha raptllat) AVIS (Tha blrdt) MAMMALIA (Tha mammalt) The classification of animals and plants, taken as a whole, involves more than just the binomial designations of genera and species. It is extended to include increasing- ly comprehensive categories; thus genera are combined into families, families are grouped into orders, orders are combined into the higher category of class
. SUPERCLASS PISCES TETRAPODA-< CLAS! AGNATHA (Jowliii vartabratat) PLACODERMI (Cartaln prlmltlva "flthat") CHONDRICHTHYES (the shark*) OSTIICHTHYIS _ (Tha bony flthai) ~AM»HlalA (Tha amphibians) RIPTIIIA (Tha raptllat) AVIS (Tha blrdt) MAMMALIA (Tha mammalt) The classification of animals and plants, taken as a whole, involves more than just the binomial designations of genera and species. It is extended to include increasing- ly comprehensive categories; thus genera are combined into families, families are grouped into orders, orders are combined into the higher category of classes, while various classes make up phyla. The arrange- ment may be expressed, from the higher to the lower categories (or to put it another way, from the greater to the lesser di- visions) as follows: Suppose we wish to express the position of a modern reptile, the rattlesnake, by the system of Linnaean Nomenclature. Kingdom—Animal (animals as opposed to plants) Phylum—Chordata (animals with back- bones) Class—Reptilia (the reptiles) Order—Squamata (the lizards, snakes, and their relatives) Family—Crotalidae (the pit vipers) Genus—Crotalus (rattlesnakes) Species—adamant eus (the dia- mond-back rattler) The great primary divisions of the animal kingdom are the phyla. For instance there is a Phylum Protozoa for all single-celled animals, so many of which are unpleasantly known to us as diseases. Then there is a Phylum Porifera for the sponges, a Phylum Coelenterata for the corals, a Phylum Arthropoda for the insects, spiders, and crustaceans, and so on. All the animals with backbones are contained within a single phylum, known as the Vertebrata or Chordata. This phylum may be subdivided as shown opposite. Two classes, Amphibia and Reptilia, especially concern us in this present work. 136
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookpublishernewyork, booksubjectreptilesfossil
