Archive image from page 536 of The cyclopædia of anatomy and. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology cyclopdiaofana0402todd Year: 1849 VARIETIES OF MANKIND. 1321 Of the Prognathous type. — The most marked feature of the typical prognathous skull, as already remarked, is the prominence of the jaws, as seen in profile {fig. 807). It is this which gives to the features of the Ne- gro and Australian their peculiar ugliness ; and it is on this that the difference of the facial angle between the Negro and the Eu- ropean chiefly depends. In both jaws we observe that the alveolar ridges project in
Archive image from page 536 of The cyclopædia of anatomy and. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology cyclopdiaofana0402todd Year: 1849 VARIETIES OF MANKIND. 1321 Of the Prognathous type. — The most marked feature of the typical prognathous skull, as already remarked, is the prominence of the jaws, as seen in profile {fig. 807). It is this which gives to the features of the Ne- gro and Australian their peculiar ugliness ; and it is on this that the difference of the facial angle between the Negro and the Eu- ropean chiefly depends. In both jaws we observe that the alveolar ridges project in such a manner, that the front teeth implanted in them meet at an angle, instead of being in the same, or in parallel planes, as in those skulls which are termed for the sake of dis- tinction, orthognat/iic. Independently of the projection of the muzzle, however, there is an appearance of general elongation of the cranium from back to front, so that the antero- posterior diameter of the cranial cavity is greater in proportion to the lateral, than it is in the oval cranium. Thus the average length of ten Negro skulls measured by Pro- fessor Van der Hoeven, was 6'96 inches, while their average breadth was 5'11 inches; so that the relation of their length to their breadth was as T36 to TOO. On the other hand, the average length of twenty European skulls was T'Ol inches, and their breadth 5'-t7 inches ; so that the relation of their length to their breadth was 1'30 to I'OO. But this difference (which is by no means great) seems to depend rather upon the relative narrow- ness, than upon the elongation, of the Negro cranium ; for it will be observed that its ab- solute length is less than that of the European, and that the difference in the dimensions of the two consists chiefly in the inferior breadth. The form of the whole cranium suggests the idea of lateral compression. The tem- poral muscles cover a large surface, and rise high upon the parietal bones; and the zygo- matic arc
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