The manufacture of rubber goods : a practical handbook for the use of manufacturers, chemists, and others . on cloths with floral or fancy designs. By the use ofdyes soluble in benzole any desired colour can be given to therubber, modified, of course, by the colour of the cloth use of this process is, however, conditional on the employmentof cold vulcanisation, for apart from the difliculty of preserving thetransparency of the rubber-layer when it is vulcanised by heat, thecolourings produced would be destroyed, almost without exception,by the hot process. One process for the or
The manufacture of rubber goods : a practical handbook for the use of manufacturers, chemists, and others . on cloths with floral or fancy designs. By the use ofdyes soluble in benzole any desired colour can be given to therubber, modified, of course, by the colour of the cloth use of this process is, however, conditional on the employmentof cold vulcanisation, for apart from the difliculty of preserving thetransparency of the rubber-layer when it is vulcanised by heat, thecolourings produced would be destroyed, almost without exception,by the hot process. One process for the ornamentation of proofingsmust be regarded as particularly successful; this depends upon THE VULCANISATION OF RUBBER. 87 the action of chloride of sulphur on the coating of starch coveringthe tacky lay^r of rubber. The mode of operation is based uponthe observation that chloride of sulphur converts the powderycoating of starch into a semi-transparent layer with a silky gloss,and upon the further fact that whilst a double treatment of therubber coating to be vulcanised with a 3 per cent, or a 2 per Fig. 41. solution of chloride of sulphur is equivalent to a single vulcanisationwith a 5-5 per cent, solution, the starch is in the former case muchmore transparent than in the latter. In fact, the 5 per cent,solution has not a much greater effect upon the starch than the 8per cent, solution, and the result is practically the same if the firstsolution is a 4 per cent, and the second a 1J per cent., or conversely ;this behaviour is utilised for purposes of ornamentation in thefollowing manner:— The rubber-coated material is first treated with potato starch, 88 RUBBER MANUFACTURE. that which does not adhere being carefully removed by means of abrushing machine. The rubber is then vulcanised by means of a3 per cent, solution of chloride of sulphur, passing on to a secondvulcanising machine in which a IJ per cent, solution is vulcanising roller of this, however, is not
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