The electron microscope, its development, The electron microscope, its development, present performance and future possibilities electronmicrosco00gabo Year: 1948 Introduction 3 concentrating coil to ponder on the problem on and off for 15 years, and well he deserved to be the discoverer of electron optics! When these discoveries had opened the way, the idea of an electron microscope emerged in many minds.* Work was started almost at once in two places—by Knoll and Ruska at the Tech- nische Hochschule, Berlin, and by Briiche and his collaborators in the The first results,
The electron microscope, its development, The electron microscope, its development, present performance and future possibilities electronmicrosco00gabo Year: 1948 Introduction 3 concentrating coil to ponder on the problem on and off for 15 years, and well he deserved to be the discoverer of electron optics! When these discoveries had opened the way, the idea of an electron microscope emerged in many minds.* Work was started almost at once in two places—by Knoll and Ruska at the Tech- nische Hochschule, Berlin, and by Briiche and his collaborators in the The first results, still very modest, comparable perhaps with the resolution of a good magnifying glass, were published in 1932. In another 4 years, the electron microscope had just about reached the resolving power of the ordinary microscope, and in 4 more years it had overtaken and beaten it by a factor of about a hundred. At this limit something like a brick wall was reached. The greater half of this monograph will be devoted to a survey of the development which led the electron microscope to the present limit of about 8A, where it has come to a stop. Toward the end, suggestions will be discussed by means of which the brick wall may perhaps be breached. Finally it will be shown that after overcoming this obstacle, there will be another, at about , made of much more impenetrable material than bricks. There is no detail in Nature finer than about , which could be resolved by any microscope, however perfect. In other words, resolution will have to stop here for lack of objects. But the interval between and 8A probably contains objects of sufficient interest to make such an effort worth while. * The author remembers discussions on the possibiHty of an electron microscope in Berlin physicist circles as far back as 1927. t Allgemeine Elektrizitatsgesellschaft, Berlin. ^^\CAl
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