. On the anatomy of vertebrates. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative; 1866. 416 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. the forepart of tlie oesophagus by a second orifice much smaller than the first, and having a tumid valvular margin. The cardiac orifice of the stomach is occasionally defined by a constriction, as in the Planirostra and Mormyrus, fig. 280: but an increased expansion with increased vascularity and a more delicate epithelial lining of the mucous membrane more usually indicate, in Fishes, the beginning of the digestive cavity. The stomach is a simple and commonly an ample cavity, with a great di
. On the anatomy of vertebrates. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative; 1866. 416 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. the forepart of tlie oesophagus by a second orifice much smaller than the first, and having a tumid valvular margin. The cardiac orifice of the stomach is occasionally defined by a constriction, as in the Planirostra and Mormyrus, fig. 280: but an increased expansion with increased vascularity and a more delicate epithelial lining of the mucous membrane more usually indicate, in Fishes, the beginning of the digestive cavity. The stomach is a simple and commonly an ample cavity, with a great disproportion in the diameters of the cardiac and pyloric orifices ; in the Cornish Porbeagle-Shark, for example, the cardiac entry will readily admit a child's head, whilst the pyloric outlet will barely allow of the passage of a crow-quill. There are two predominant forms of the stomach in Fishes, viz. the ' siphonal' and the ' crecal.' In the first it presents the form of a bent tube or canal, as in the Turbot, fig. 287, a, b, Flounder, Sole, Cod, Haddock, Salmon, fig. 286, a,h, Carp,Tench, Ide, Lump- fish, File-fish, Lepidosteus, Sturgeon, Paddle-fish, and most Plagio-. Alliiiriihiry cixiial of Sliark. CCLXVI. stomcs, fig. 278: in the second form the cardiac division of the stomach terminates in a blind sac, and the short pyloric portion is continued from its right side, as in the Porch, the Scorpajna, the Gurnards, the Bull-licads, the Smelts, the Whiting, fig. 285, the Angler, the Pike, tlic Lucioperca, the Sword-fish, fig. 282, the Silurus, the Herring, the Sprat, fig. 288, the Pilchard, the Conger, the Murrena, and the Polyjiterus, fig. 279. A transi- tional form, in which the pyloric end is bent so abruptly upon. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Owen, Richard, 1804-1892; Cornell Univers
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