. Biology of the Heteromyidae. Heteromyidae. WAHLERT. mm Fig. \. — Proheteromys nebraskensis, MCZ 5051 (holotype). First lower molar, left side, showing Y-shaped median valley. Drawn from a cast. Anterior is to the right. rior enamel face. Mandible massive; diastema shoil; masseteric crest shelf-like and terminating abruptly below mental fo- ramen. Species. — Apletotomeus crassus Reeder, 1960a, figs. 206, 207, 210. Orellan. Comment.—Black (1965:45) said that Apletotomeus crassus may be congeneric with Heliscomys. Wood (1980) transferred A. crassus to Proheteromys. Korth (1989: 35) noted th
. Biology of the Heteromyidae. Heteromyidae. WAHLERT. mm Fig. \. — Proheteromys nebraskensis, MCZ 5051 (holotype). First lower molar, left side, showing Y-shaped median valley. Drawn from a cast. Anterior is to the right. rior enamel face. Mandible massive; diastema shoil; masseteric crest shelf-like and terminating abruptly below mental fo- ramen. Species. — Apletotomeus crassus Reeder, 1960a, figs. 206, 207, 210. Orellan. Comment.—Black (1965:45) said that Apletotomeus crassus may be congeneric with Heliscomys. Wood (1980) transferred A. crassus to Proheteromys. Korth (1989: 35) noted that the complex p4 and massive incisor and mandible distinguish the species from all other Orellan heteromyids. Korth, Wahlert, and Emry (in press) place Aple- totomeus and Heliscomys together in a new family that is the sister taxon of the rest of the Geomyoidea. The sum of crown lengths in lower cheek teeth is mm. Family Heteromyidae Gray, 1868 Proheteromys Wood, 1932 Type species. —Proheteromys floridanus Wood, 1932, UF/FGS V-5329," Heming- fordian Hawthorne Formation, The Fullers Earth Company Mine, Midway, Gadsden Co., Florida; fragment of left mandible with p4-m 1; specimen lost. Original series: UF/ FGS V-5330, Ml right; UF/FGS V-5331, M2 left. Generic synonyms.—VossihXy Akmaio- Reeder, 1960(2. Temporal and geographic distribution. — Oligocene: Orellan: Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota; Whitneyan: Nebraska, Wy- oming; Early Arikareean: South Dakota. Miocene: Late Arikareean: Florida, South Dakota; Hemingfordian: Florida, New Mexico, South Dakota, Wyoming; Barsto- vian: California, Colorado. Revised generic diagnosis.—'$>vci?i\\ to me- dium sized heteromyid with brachydont cheek teeth; crown height similar to or high- er than Mookomys. Crown length of P 4/4-M 3/3 in Proheteromys floridanus near mm; range in most western species about to mm; P. magnus and probably P. max- imus larger than mm. Molars wider than long, especially
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