. The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin. Birds; Birds. Jan., 1909. Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin — Cory. 577 Co., and others have been taken quite regularly at Lake Kosh- konong, especially during winters of heavy snow fall. Here they have never been found except as associated with ; (Birds of Wisconsin, 1903, p. 93.) Genus ASTRAGALINUS Cabanis. 242. Astragalinus tristis (Linn.). American Goldfinch. Yellowbird. Spinus tristis (Linn.), A. O. U. Check List, 1895, P- 218. Distr.: United States, east of Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic coast, north to Manitoba and northern Canada, sout
. The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin. Birds; Birds. Jan., 1909. Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin — Cory. 577 Co., and others have been taken quite regularly at Lake Kosh- konong, especially during winters of heavy snow fall. Here they have never been found except as associated with ; (Birds of Wisconsin, 1903, p. 93.) Genus ASTRAGALINUS Cabanis. 242. Astragalinus tristis (Linn.). American Goldfinch. Yellowbird. Spinus tristis (Linn.), A. O. U. Check List, 1895, P- 218. Distr.: United States, east of Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic coast, north to Manitoba and northern Canada, south to the Gulf coast, including Florida and Texas (replaced from Rocky Mountains westward by several subspecies). Breeds from middle United States, Tennessee, Missouri, Kansas, etc., northward. Adult male in spring: General plumage, bright yellow; crown, black; wings, black, the secondaries and coverts, tipped with white; tail, black, with more or less white on inner webs; upper tail coverts, white. In fall the black cap is absent, and the general plumage is buffy brown above and pale brown- ish white on under parts, with more or less yellowish; head, tinged with yellow. Adult female: Upper parts, pale brownish olive; under parts, dull white, tinged with buff on sides and breast, and showing more or less yellow, especially on the throat; wings and tail, dusky; the feathers, with whitish edgings. Very young birds are strongly tinged with buffy and the wing feathers edged with tawny buff. Length, to ; wing, to ; tail, 2; bill, .42. The American Goldfinch is an abundant summer resident in Illi- nois and Wisconsin and a few occasionally remain during the winter. The majority arrive from the south about May ist, although a few return much earlier. Adult spring males of this species may be readily recognized by the bright yellow plumage and black wings and tail. The song of the male is a musical chee-wee or chse-e-wee, and at times a faint whistle and twitter. The
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