An investigation of the flow of water through submerged orifices and pipes . ne was of such length that the ratio of areas was1 to 4. , 7. Sources of Error.— Errors may he introduced in theexperiments in the following- ways, which will afterwardhe discussed separately: fa) Error in reading the hook gauges. (b-^) Error in determining the weight of the water, or fhg) Error in determining the rise in the pit. fc) Error in the measurement of the diameter of the pit. (d) Error in taking the time of the run. fa) The hook gauges were read by holding an electriclight so that a point of light would he


An investigation of the flow of water through submerged orifices and pipes . ne was of such length that the ratio of areas was1 to 4. , 7. Sources of Error.— Errors may he introduced in theexperiments in the following- ways, which will afterwardhe discussed separately: fa) Error in reading the hook gauges. (b-^) Error in determining the weight of the water, or fhg) Error in determining the rise in the pit. fc) Error in the measurement of the diameter of the pit. (d) Error in taking the time of the run. fa) The hook gauges were read by holding an electriclight so that a point of light would he observed just as thehook reached the surface of the water. The light was alwaysheld in the same position so that the error due to. themethod of reading must have been the same each time. Sincethis is the same for the two gauges and since it is theirdifference, rather than the reading itself, which is used,the effect of this upon the prohahle error may he , due probably to vibrations of the buildingcaused by the proximity of the engines in the University.


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubje, booksubjecthydraulics