. Manual of fruit insects. s under thesetrees. It attacks many other forest or shade trees and shrubs,and the following fruits are also pruned by it, sometimes quiteseverely: apple, pear, quince, peach, plum, grape and orange. Several birds, woodpeckers, blue jays and chickadees destroymany of the grubs or pupae in the fallen twigs. A parasite,Bracon eurygaster, has been reared from infested twigs. The collection and burning of the fallen branches in autumnor early spring will effectually control the pest. ReferenceU. S. Bur. Ent. Circ. 130. 1910. 202 FRUIT INSECTS The Twig-girdlerOndderes dng
. Manual of fruit insects. s under thesetrees. It attacks many other forest or shade trees and shrubs,and the following fruits are also pruned by it, sometimes quiteseverely: apple, pear, quince, peach, plum, grape and orange. Several birds, woodpeckers, blue jays and chickadees destroymany of the grubs or pupae in the fallen twigs. A parasite,Bracon eurygaster, has been reared from infested twigs. The collection and burning of the fallen branches in autumnor early spring will effectually control the pest. ReferenceU. S. Bur. Ent. Circ. 130. 1910. 202 FRUIT INSECTS The Twig-girdlerOndderes dngulata Say Twigs and branches less than half an inch in diameter onmany kinds of forest and shade trees and on several of theorchard fruits are often neatly girdled by a handsome, robust,ash-sprinkled, reddish-brown beetle a little more than halfan inch in length with antennae longer than its body and abroad, ashy-colored belt around the middle of the wing-coversand across the thorax; closer inspection also reveals numerous. Fig. 191. — The twig-girdler. light brown spots on the wing-covers. The beetles appearduring July and August and the girdling is done by the femalesstanding on the twig head downwards and cutting the girdlesection by section about an eighth of an inch wide and extendingto the heartwood, so that the branch is easily broken off byhigh winds (Fig. 191). During the girdling process, whichoften occupies half a day, the female stops several times tomove outward on the twig and tuck an egg underneath thebark at the base of a side shoot or an aborted bud. The girdledtwigs are soon broken off and fall to the ground, where most ofthe eggs hatch by autumn. In the spring the grubs bore intothe solid wood and often make a channel 2 inches long anddisposing of nearly all the woody portion of the twig, but always APPLE INSECTS — BORERS AND MISCELLANEOUS 203 leaving the bark intact. Ttie white, legless grubs aboutI of an inch long have a row of short, parallel, chitinou
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