. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . construction, instead of scaringit away by hostile and unjust legislation;and, second, by a comprehensive and ra-tional system of waterway is no other way now, nor will thereever be, by which the business of thecountry can be done. 478 RAILWAY AND LOCOMOTIVE KXGIXEERING. November, 1909. Whistles and first sight there docs not seem tobe much connection between a locomo-tive whistle and a church organ pipe,and neither there is as far as the usesto which each is put, b
. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . construction, instead of scaringit away by hostile and unjust legislation;and, second, by a comprehensive and ra-tional system of waterway is no other way now, nor will thereever be, by which the business of thecountry can be done. 478 RAILWAY AND LOCOMOTIVE KXGIXEERING. November, 1909. Whistles and first sight there docs not seem tobe much connection between a locomo-tive whistle and a church organ pipe,and neither there is as far as the usesto which each is put, but from a scien-tific point of view there is a very closeconnection between them, and also be-tween them and the wind instrumentsof an orchestra. necessary to produce what is called thefundamental tone of the pipe. Theflutter of air at the mouth sets the airin the pipe vibrating and this causes themusical sound. There is no rush of airthrough the pipe, but its whole massis made to vibrate. The length of a pipe is an importantmatter in determining the musical noteproduced. The middle C on the piano. HOTEL AT THE SUMMIT OF THE MT. PILATUS RAILWAY, SWITZERLAND. The organ pipe may be taken as thetypical wind instrument, for it is thesimplest of all. The steam whistle ofa locomotive is to all intents and pur-poses an organ pipe, and the sound itgives out is produced in the same wayas the tone we hear when an organpipe is made to speak. The organ pipe is a tube of wood orof metal with a partition across itsbore, placed at the lower end, and thispartition is cut away at the opening ormouth of the pipe so as to make asmall thin slit through which air frombelow the permanent partition is ableto blow upward. The upper lip of themouth of the pipe is beveled to a sharpedge, and this is so placed that airpassing up through the thin slit strikeson the sharp edge of the upper thin sheet of air blown up out ofthe slit, striking the edge of the lipproduces a sort of eddy or flutter of
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