. Chemistry: general, medical, and pharmaceutical, including the chemistry of the U. S. Pharmacopia. A manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy. = HC1 + NaHSO, Sodium Sulphuric Hydrochloric Acid sodium chloride. acid. acid. sulphate. Hydrochloric Acid.—The product of this operation is the nearlycolorless and very sour liquid commonly termed hydrochloric of certain given strengths (estimated by volumetric analysis),it forms Acidum Hydrochloricum, U. S. P. (Muriatic Acid), andAcidum Hydrochloricum Dilutum, U. S. P. The former has
. Chemistry: general, medical, and pharmaceutical, including the chemistry of the U. S. Pharmacopia. A manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy. = HC1 + NaHSO, Sodium Sulphuric Hydrochloric Acid sodium chloride. acid. acid. sulphate. Hydrochloric Acid.—The product of this operation is the nearlycolorless and very sour liquid commonly termed hydrochloric of certain given strengths (estimated by volumetric analysis),it forms Acidum Hydrochloricum, U. S. P. (Muriatic Acid), andAcidum Hydrochloricum Dilutum, U. S. P. The former has a specificgravity of about (), and contains per cent, of realacid ; the latter, sp. gr. , with 10 per cent, of the real acid, ismade by diluting 6 fluid parts of the strong acid with 13 of water. * The weight of a molecule is the sum of the weights of its atoms. 266 THE ACIDULOUS RADICALS. The above process is that of the manufacturer, larger vessels beingemployed, and the gas being freed from any trace of sulphuric acidby washing. Other chlorides yield hydrochloric acid when heatedwith sulphuric acid, but sodium chloride is always used becausecheap and common. Fig. Preparation of Hydrochloric Acid. Common yellow hydrochloric acid is a by-product in the manufac-ture of sodium carbonate from common salt by the process in whichsodium chloride is first converted into sulphate, hydrochloric acidbeing liberated. This impure acid is liable to contain iron, arsenum,fixed salts, sulphuric acid, sulphurous acid, nitrous compounds, andchlorine. The process for the preparation of hydrochloric acid is as follows :it may be carried out by the student with about one-twelfth of thequantities mentioned: Take of sodium chloride, dried, 48 ounces, sulphuric acid 44fluidounces, water 36 fluidounces, distilled water 50 the sulphuric acid slowly into 32 ounces of the water, and,when the mixture has cooled, add it to the sodium chloride previ-ously intro
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