Text-book of ophthalmology . ociated dilatation and loss of reaction of the pupil. The dila-tation afterward increases still more in consequence of the atrophy of theiris, that develops as a result of the pressure exerted upon the latter. 3. The redness and clouded appearance of the papilla of the optic nerveduring the inflammatory attack are caused by hyperemia combined withsome oedema; the excavation which subsequently takes place is the directresult of the elevation of pressure. [That the excavation is due to the pressure is proved by the fact that it may dis-appear if the pressure is relie
Text-book of ophthalmology . ociated dilatation and loss of reaction of the pupil. The dila-tation afterward increases still more in consequence of the atrophy of theiris, that develops as a result of the pressure exerted upon the latter. 3. The redness and clouded appearance of the papilla of the optic nerveduring the inflammatory attack are caused by hyperemia combined withsome oedema; the excavation which subsequently takes place is the directresult of the elevation of pressure. [That the excavation is due to the pressure is proved by the fact that it may dis-appear if the pressure is relieved (see page 497).—D.] 450. Anatomical Changes Produced by Increased Tension.—The anatomical changes corresponding to the objective signs above describedare as follows: In the cornea the cause of the cloudiness is found to be oedema of the fluid producing the oedema is found under the form of minute drops, between Bow-mans membrane and the epithelium, and also between and in the epithelial cells them- b a. Fig. 217.—Corneal Epithelium in a Case of Increase op Tension. Magnified 500 X specimen was from a case in which increase of tension set in after irido-cyclitis. C, paren-chyma of the cornea with the flat nuclei of the corneal corpuscles. B, Bowmans membrane, throughwhich in two places minute nerve filaments are seen passing. At the anterior ends of these nerve fila-ments and also at other spots there are seen between the bases of the lowermost cylindrical cells (footcells) light-colored rounded spaces, which represent very minute droplets of liquid. The lines of di-vision between the foot cells are in general represented by lighter colored lines, which indicate thatthe cells are to a certain extent pressed apart by fluid and their interconnections broken up. On theother hand, the cells of the middle layer are bordered by broad, dark lines representing the interlock-ing teeth of these, the pectinate cells. In the uppermost layers there are numerous
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