. Biophysics: concepts and mechanisms. Biophysics. irradiator. metal pan liquid making contact with brain through hole in skull. (a) (b) Figure 3-6. (a) Cavitation and Production of Broken Water Molecules by Ultra- sound. The OH fragment is a rapidly effective oxidizing agent, (b) Irradiation of a Small Locale in the Brain. (Success with Parkinson's disease reported.) (3) During rarefaction (low-pressure part of the wave), any dissolved gas in the tissue may coalesce into bubbles; and in fact bubbles containing only water vapor may form, breaking molecular bonds as they form, and breaking more
. Biophysics: concepts and mechanisms. Biophysics. irradiator. metal pan liquid making contact with brain through hole in skull. (a) (b) Figure 3-6. (a) Cavitation and Production of Broken Water Molecules by Ultra- sound. The OH fragment is a rapidly effective oxidizing agent, (b) Irradiation of a Small Locale in the Brain. (Success with Parkinson's disease reported.) (3) During rarefaction (low-pressure part of the wave), any dissolved gas in the tissue may coalesce into bubbles; and in fact bubbles containing only water vapor may form, breaking molecular bonds as they form, and breaking more bonds as they collapse and release their high surface energy. This is called cavitation. It occurs in water at power levels as low as 140 db. This critical power level decreases with increasing frequency. (4) With the breaking of bonds, free radicals are produced, which, for reasons to be discussed in Chapter 4, cause a (net) oxidation reaction to occur in most aqueous solutions. Three watts of power introduced at 500,000 cps, for example, will cause oxidation. (5) Because of general absorption of energy within the volume irradiated with matter waves, a general temperature rise occurs. This upsets the metabolism of the tissue in a manner discussed later in Chapter 8. Irradia- tion by 1 megacycle (Mc) at a power of 50 w/cm2, for example, raises the temperature of water from 20 to 50° C in a few minutes. Some specific observations of effects of sound waves on man are given in Table 3-2. For obvious reasons, experiments using high-power sound are carefully and selectively done on man. However, an accumulation of experience is. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Casey, Edmund Jeremiah, 1924-. New York, Reinhold Pub. Corp
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