Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . ricarp; fragmentswith trachea? and sclerenchymatous fibers, the latter about width, slightly lignified and with numerous oblique pores. Constituents.—Volatile oil from 5 to 7 per cent; fixed oil; tannin;calcium oxalate, and 5 to 8 per cent of ash. Volatile oil of caraway contains 50 to 60 per cent of d-carvone(carvol), and 40 to 50 per cent d-limonene (carven). Caraway oil,particularly carvone, is
Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . ricarp; fragmentswith trachea? and sclerenchymatous fibers, the latter about width, slightly lignified and with numerous oblique pores. Constituents.—Volatile oil from 5 to 7 per cent; fixed oil; tannin;calcium oxalate, and 5 to 8 per cent of ash. Volatile oil of caraway contains 50 to 60 per cent of d-carvone(carvol), and 40 to 50 per cent d-limonene (carven). Caraway oil,particularly carvone, is colored yellow on exposure to air, and theold oil gives a reddish-violet color with ferric chloride solution. Standard of Purity.—Caraway, caraway seed, is the dried fruit ofCarum carvi L. It contains not more than 8 per cent of total ash,nor more than 1^- per cent of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid.(U. S. Dept. Agric.) Allied Drugs.—The seeds of Nigella sativa and N. damascena(Fam. Ranunculaceae), are used in medicine and for flavoring likecaraway. They are commonly known as Black Caraway. Theseeds are ovoid, 3- to 4-angled, about 3 mm. in length, externally CARAWAY 483. Fig. 2:07.—Caraway: A, transverse section of a mericarp and carpophore (Ft),showing vittae (6, or), primary ribs (r, rr), with fibrovascular bundle (ok),tissue of raphe (/) and endosperm (Ed). B, transverse section through aprimary rib showing part of pericarp and seed-coat, outer epidermal cells(E), a small vitta (0), sieve (Si), tracheae (g), around which are thick-walledsclerenchymatous fibers; parenchyma (p, p), inner epidermis (Ei), outerepidermis of seed-coat (So) and collapsed cells (L) of remainder of , longitudinal section through part of a mericarp showing outer epidermis(E), parenchyma (p, p), epithelial cells (Ep) and separating wall (Sch)of vittse (Se), inner epidermis of pericarp (Ei) and seed-coat (So). D, sur-face view of outer epidermis of fruit showing a single stoma,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1920
