. Canadian engineer. report of Progress of Stream Measure-ments in Canada, which has been prepared underthe direction of F. H. Peters, , bythe ciiief hydrometric engineer, P. M. Sauder,, and assisted by G. H. Whytc and Elliott, .\., some information onstream-gauging is given. The theory involved is notnew, but a great wealth of detail as to the application ofit makes it very interesting and instructive, both to tliestudent and the practising engineer. Stream Measurements.—There are three distinctmethods of determining the surface flow of streams:(
. Canadian engineer. report of Progress of Stream Measure-ments in Canada, which has been prepared underthe direction of F. H. Peters, , bythe ciiief hydrometric engineer, P. M. Sauder,, and assisted by G. H. Whytc and Elliott, .\., some information onstream-gauging is given. The theory involved is notnew, but a great wealth of detail as to the application ofit makes it very interesting and instructive, both to tliestudent and the practising engineer. Stream Measurements.—There are three distinctmethods of determining the surface flow of streams:(i) by measurements of slope and cross-section and theuse of Chezys and Kutters formula; (2) by means ofweirs, which include any device or structure that bymeasuring the depth on a crest or sill of known lengthand form, the flow of water may be determined; (3) bymeasuring the velocity of the current and the cross-section. The third method is the one most commonlyused bv this survev. The second is used when the flow-. Gauging Station on Old Man River, near Cowley, Alta. is too small to be accurately determined by the third,while the first is only used in making estimates of thedischarge of a stream when the only data available arethe cross-section and slope. The slope method of deter-mining discharge will not be discussed, as it is onlyapproximate. The weir method is applied for smallstreams. Few permanent weirs have been installed bythe survey. Many weir measurements have been madeby means of temporary weirs, which consist of a woodenbase of 2-inch plank with a rectangular notch of |i-inchsteel bolted to it. The edge of the steel is bevelled. Caremust be exercised in erecting the weir properly and inthe choosing of a good location for it. The depth ofwater on the crest should not exceed one-third the lengthof the weir. The approach channel should be severaltimes as wide as the op>ening, and the depth of water inthe pond should be twice that over the crest so as toeliminate
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