. Atlas and epitome of traumatic . ehind. In addition to minute palpation,not omitting a single detail, it is well to take impressionsof the sole of the foot by having the patient step on smokedpaper and fixing the paper with a 5 ^ solution of shellac(or compound tincture of benzoin). (A) Fracture of the Tarsal Bones (a) Fracture of the Astragalus.—Fracture of theastragalus rarely occurs as an isolated injury, being almostalways combined with injuries of the knee-joint or of thetarsus. Dislocation of the astragalo-crural articulation isoften accompanied by infractions, tear-fractures, and frac
. Atlas and epitome of traumatic . ehind. In addition to minute palpation,not omitting a single detail, it is well to take impressionsof the sole of the foot by having the patient step on smokedpaper and fixing the paper with a 5 ^ solution of shellac(or compound tincture of benzoin). (A) Fracture of the Tarsal Bones (a) Fracture of the Astragalus.—Fracture of theastragalus rarely occurs as an isolated injury, being almostalways combined with injuries of the knee-joint or of thetarsus. Dislocation of the astragalo-crural articulation isoften accompanied by infractions, tear-fractures, and frac-tures of the astragalus. Fracture of the astragalus, espe-cially of the neck, has also been observed in severe frac-tures of the os calcis. The appearances obviously dependon the complicating injury, and are not always very dis-tinct. The diagnosis may be made by the visible altera- 336 FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS. tion in the shape of the foot; swelling of the dorsum ; painfollowing pressure on the head or neck of the bone, the. Fig. 152.—Compression-fracture of the right os calcis in a youngman, nineteen years old. Seen from above and from the outer side.(Artificial.) presence of thickening; narrowing of the tarsal fold, inter-ference with dorsal flexion; and, finally, mensuration with a pair of is based ongeneral principles. (b) Fracture of theOs Calcis.—The frac-tures are classified ac-cording as they involvethe body of the bone orone of its processes, whichare described as the poste-rior, or tuber calcis • theanterior, or capitulum cal-canei, or sustentaculum ;and the lateral, or pro-cessus trochlearis siveinframalleolaris. Compression - fractureof the os calcis is producedby falling on the feet or awkward jumping. The etiology isusually quite typical. Masons, roofers, miners, and paint-ers furnish the largest contingent. The bone is demol-
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