The phase rule and its applications . schr. physikal. Chem., 1S99, 30. 385 ; Bruni, Lined, 1898, 2. 138, 347. For a general account of solid solu-tions the reader is referred to Bruni, Ueberfcste Losungen (AhrensscheSammlung), and to Bodlander, loc. cit. For the formation and transforma-tion of liquid mixed crystals, see A. C. de Kock, Zeitschr. physikal. Chem.,1904, 48. 129. 2 In discussing the various systems which may be obtained here, Rooze-boom {loc. cit.) made use of the variation of the thermodynamic potential(p. 29) with the concentration. In spite of the advantages which s
The phase rule and its applications . schr. physikal. Chem., 1S99, 30. 385 ; Bruni, Lined, 1898, 2. 138, 347. For a general account of solid solu-tions the reader is referred to Bruni, Ueberfcste Losungen (AhrensscheSammlung), and to Bodlander, loc. cit. For the formation and transforma-tion of liquid mixed crystals, see A. C. de Kock, Zeitschr. physikal. Chem.,1904, 48. 129. 2 In discussing the various systems which may be obtained here, Rooze-boom {loc. cit.) made use of the variation of the thermodynamic potential(p. 29) with the concentration. In spite of the advantages which sucha treatment affords, the temperature-concentration diagram has beenadopted as being more readily understood and as more suitable for anelementary discussion of the subject. For a general mathematical dis-cussion of the different systems possible, see also J. J. van Laar, Chem., 1908, 63. 216 ; 61 257 ; 1909, 66. 197. 3 These curves are also called the liquidus and the solidus curverespectively. 86 THE PHASE RULE. I.—The Two Components can form an Unbroken Series of Mixed , as has already been pointed out (p. 179), a mixedcrystal (solid solution) constitutes only one phase, it is evidentthat if the two components are mis-cible with one another in all propor-tions in the solid state, there cannever be more than one solid phasepresent, viz. the solid solution ormixed crystal. If the componentsare completely miscible in the solidstate, they will also be completelymiscible in the liquid state, and therecan therefore be only one liquid system can at no point becomeinvariant, because there can neverbe more than three phases , therefore, the two componentsform a continuous series of mixedcrystals, the equilibrium curve mustalso be continuous. Of these systems three types are found. (a) The freezing points of all mixtures lie between the freezingpoints of the pure components (Curve I., Fig. 49). Examples.—This type of curve i
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