. Lateral curvature of the spine and round shoulders . nt of the right or convex half{cj. rotation of vertebral bodies). 4. Broadening of the part of the sacrum corresponding to the pedicleon the concave side. 5. Lowering of the arch on the concave side. In addition to this there is to be seen at times a slight indicationof a lateral curve of the sacrum,reaching its apex at or below themiddle of the bone. In thisthe coccyx may share, empha-sizing the curve, but the sac-ral curve is most easily seen bysighting along the anterior sur-face of the sacrum or lookingdown the vertebral canal. Thiscur
. Lateral curvature of the spine and round shoulders . nt of the right or convex half{cj. rotation of vertebral bodies). 4. Broadening of the part of the sacrum corresponding to the pedicleon the concave side. 5. Lowering of the arch on the concave side. In addition to this there is to be seen at times a slight indicationof a lateral curve of the sacrum,reaching its apex at or below themiddle of the bone. In thisthe coccyx may share, empha-sizing the curve, but the sac-ral curve is most easily seen bysighting along the anterior sur-face of the sacrum or lookingdown the vertebral canal. Thiscurve shows slight indicationsof the same changes noted inthe presacral vertebrae. The pelvis is somewhatchanged in diameter and shapein severe low lumbar curves inwhich the sacrum shows dis-tortion. In a left lumbar curvethe diagonal diameter from theleft side behind to the right sidein front is greater than the op-posite diagonal; thus in an individual case of right dorsal left lumbarcurve the thorax and pelvis would be twisted in opposite Fig. 67.—Oblique Pelvis AccompanyingScoliosis.—(IVaireii Museum, cast froma specimen in Musei DupuytreUy Paris.) long-continued scoliosis, especially of the upper part of the column,asymmetry of the face and skull has been claimed (Hoffa); on the otherhand it has been disputed except in connection with congenital tor-ticollis, asymmetry of congenital origin, and in rickets (Schulthess). Ob PATHOLOGY. INTERNAL ORGANS. In scoliosis, especially in middle and severe forms, a shorteningof the trunk is apparent which prevents the normal development andfunction of the internal organs. By the lateral displacement of thetrunk and rotation of the thorax the pleural and abdominal cavitiesbecome distorted. The patients become anemic and show a certaindisposition to tuberculous pulmonary diseases. Bachmann,^ in 197autopsies in scoliotic patients of moderate and severe type, has foundin per cent, tuberculous disease of the lun
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