. Bacteria, especially as they are related to the economy of nature. Bacteriology. BACTERIA AXD FERMENTATION 133 ferments give rise to oxidation of certain products of decom- position ; the anaerobic organisms, on the other hand, only commence to grow when the aerobic have used up all the available oxygen. Thus in such fermentations certain bodies (carbohydrates, fatty acids, etc.) undergo decomposition, and by oxidation become carbonic acid gas, and the remainder is left as a " reduced " product of the whole process. Hence sometimes this is termed fermentation by reduction. The chem
. Bacteria, especially as they are related to the economy of nature. Bacteriology. BACTERIA AXD FERMENTATION 133 ferments give rise to oxidation of certain products of decom- position ; the anaerobic organisms, on the other hand, only commence to grow when the aerobic have used up all the available oxygen. Thus in such fermentations certain bodies (carbohydrates, fatty acids, etc.) undergo decomposition, and by oxidation become carbonic acid gas, and the remainder is left as a " reduced " product of the whole process. Hence sometimes this is termed fermentation by reduction. The chemical formula of this butyric reaction may be expressed thus :— CgHiaOg (by simple decomposition) = 2 CjHbOj- Glucose, Lactic acid. which is followed by the fermentation of the lactic acid:— 2 CgHeOg = C4HSO2 + 2 CO2 + 2 H.,. Lactic acid. Butyric acid. Carbonic Free hydrogen. acid gas. Bacillus Butyricus. Long and short rods, generally straight, with rounded ends, single or in chains, reproduc- ing themselves both by fission and spores, and sometimes growing out into long threads, actively motile, anaerobic,. B. BUTYRICLS and liquefying. The spores are widely distributed in nature, and grow readily on fleshy roots, old cheese, etc. The favourable temperature is blood-heat, and on liquid media they produce a pellicle. The resistant spores are. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Newman, George, Sir, 1870- [from old catalog]. New York, G. P. Putnam's sons;
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