Basilius Besler (1561–1629) was a respected Nuremberg apothecary and botanist, best known for his monumental botanical study Hortus Eystettenis, 1613. He was curator of the garden of Johann Konrad von Gemmingen, prince bishop of Eichstätt in Bavaria. The bishop was an enthusiastic botanist who derived great pleasure from his garden, which rivalled Hortus Botanicus Leiden among early European botanical gardens outside Italy.

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