. Industrial history of the United States, from the earliest settlements to the present time: being a complete survey of American industries, embracing agriculture and horticulture; including the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, wheat; the raising of horses, neat-cattle, etc.; all the important manufactures, shipping and fisheries, railroads, mines and mining, and oil; also a history of the coal-miners and the Molly Maguires; banks, insurance, and commerce; trade-unions, strikes, and eight-hour movement; together with a description of Canadian industries . awl; and, while that instrument is mak
. Industrial history of the United States, from the earliest settlements to the present time: being a complete survey of American industries, embracing agriculture and horticulture; including the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, wheat; the raising of horses, neat-cattle, etc.; all the important manufactures, shipping and fisheries, railroads, mines and mining, and oil; also a history of the coal-miners and the Molly Maguires; banks, insurance, and commerce; trade-unions, strikes, and eight-hour movement; together with a description of Canadian industries . awl; and, while that instrument is making its next punc-ture, the new-made peg beside it is forced down into place. Both operationsgo on with the rapidity of a sewing-machine needle, and the shoe has onlyto be guided and turned while the process goes on. Machines have been invented for smoothing the rough soles after pegging,for making lasts, and for other departments of the shoe-manufacture, doingaway with the necessity of any particular skill on the part of the workmen,lessening the cost of labor, but immensely magnifying the total our shoe-manufactures have increased from $54,000,000 in 1850 to$92,000,000 in i860, and $181,000,000 in 1870, is chiefly attributable to theapplication of new labor-saving machinery to the business. It should be re-membered too, that, owing to the lessened cost of production, some kinds ofshoes are now even cheaper than before the war, and that the increase inquantity since 1850 is quite proportionate to the total values above most manufacturers make either onekind or the other exclusively, ft isalmost incredible, to one who hasnot seen it done, that shoes can besewed by machines ; but the idea ofa machine which both makes anddrives pegs instantaneously, and sorapidly that a whole shoe can bepegged inside of ten seconds, isstill more marvellous. The idea hasbeen realized, nevertheless, and hasbeen in successful operation for somefifteen or twenty years. The
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookidindustrialhistor00boll
