. Journal. e by the furnace-gases increasi -the duration of the charge aud lessens the daily out-put of the furnace. The author proposes, therefore,to reduce the ore (beyond that needed for the oxida-tion of the impurities in the metal) in a separate furnace,and to utilise blast-furnace gases for that purpose;basing his proposal on the facts (1) that the reduction offerric oxide by carbon monoxide, the materials having beenheated up to the temperature needed for it, requires nothermal assistance from without, but gives out a smallamount of heat, and (2) that the composition of the gasesat the
. Journal. e by the furnace-gases increasi -the duration of the charge aud lessens the daily out-put of the furnace. The author proposes, therefore,to reduce the ore (beyond that needed for the oxida-tion of the impurities in the metal) in a separate furnace,and to utilise blast-furnace gases for that purpose;basing his proposal on the facts (1) that the reduction offerric oxide by carbon monoxide, the materials having beenheated up to the temperature needed for it, requires nothermal assistance from without, but gives out a smallamount of heat, and (2) that the composition of the gasesat the mouth of the blast-furnace is practically the sameas at the level at which they actually reduce the ore, 30ft. below. The diagram shows the principle on which his furnaceis constructed. It is heated by blast-furnace gas, burningat the burners C (section I.) at the bottom of the verticalchannels in the brickwork casing, to the necessary tempera- 7 7-5 81 110 133 161 8-5192 9225 —A s. Heating gasSupply pipe. Reducing qatSupply pipe Section I Sect/en 2 ture (800° C), and the reduction of the ore is effected bythe same blast-furnace gas introduced without air at D(section II). The furnace below D is cooled by water,so that the spongy iron can be withdrawn by the sideopining E and the door F without re-oxidising on its wayto the steel-furnace. Clearly the inner portion of thedouble easing must not be too thick : and producer-gas or similar gas mav be substituted for blast-furnacegas.—J. T. T). Bessemer-Martin Process at Withnritz ; Chemical Pro-cesses in the Combined . C. Canaris. Stahl u. Eisen, 1905, 25, 1125— process in use at Witkowitz, Germany, consistsessentially in blowing the pig-iron in an acid-lined Bessemerconverter till the greater part of the silicon, manganese andcarbon is removed, and then treating the metal in a basicMartin furnace to de-phosphorise it. The author investi-gated the chemical reactions which take place in the pro-cess. Two charges were w
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectchemist, bookyear1882
