. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. rri POPULAR FLORA. 1G5 in most cases, these flowers have a strap-sltaped corolla. This will be understood by sup- posing a long tubular corolla to be split down on one side and spread out flat. In the Cichory (Fig. 402), DandeHon, and the like, all the flowers are strap-shaped. But in Sun- floAver, Coreopsis (Fig. 404), Aster, and many others, only the flowers round the marfrin are
. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. rri POPULAR FLORA. 1G5 in most cases, these flowers have a strap-sltaped corolla. This will be understood by sup- posing a long tubular corolla to be split down on one side and spread out flat. In the Cichory (Fig. 402), DandeHon, and the like, all the flowers are strap-shaped. But in Sun- floAver, Coreopsis (Fig. 404), Aster, and many others, only the flowers round the marfrin are strap-shaped ; these are called rwjs or ray-flowers, and at first view much resemble the petals of a many-petalled blossom, — all the more so, be- cause in Coreopsis and Sun- flower these ray-flowers are neutral, having neither sta- mens nor pistils. But in As- ters and Daisies, they are pis- tillate, having a pistil only. The blossoms, which in these cases fill the body of the head, and are so small that the su- perficial observer is apt to take them for stamens or pis- tils, are regular and perfect, with a tubular and 5-lobed corolla (Fig. 405 a). They are called disk-flowers. In Thistles, Thoroughwort, Wormwood, and some kinds of Ground- sel, all the flowers are of this sort, i. e. there are no rays, but all the flowers tubular. In all, the ovary is one-celled and one seeded, and makes an akene in fruit. The corolla beins: on the ovary, the latter is of COUl'Se covered bv the ^^'^' ^^^'''' "'" Cicliory-fljwers, diviileil lengthwise and enlarged. tube of the calyx adherent to it. Sometimes there is no limb or border to the calyx; then the akene is naked, as in that of Mayweed (Fig. 40G). When the hmb of the calyx is present in any form on the ovary or akene, it is named the pappus (which means seed- down). In Cichory the pappus or calyx is a ring or cup crowning the akene (Fig. 407) ; in Sunflower it consists of two chafly scales, which fall off early (Fig. 408) ;
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