. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. 76 Biology of the Vertebrates legged in order to support their tremendous weight (Fig. 70). The heavy head is sustained horizontally by a short stout neck, and the rigidity brought about by this arrangement, as well as by the stiff uncompromising pillar-like legs, is compensated by the development of a "trunk," a combination of the nose and the upper lip enormously drawn out into a flexible prehensile organ (proboscis). Each of their five digits
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. 76 Biology of the Vertebrates legged in order to support their tremendous weight (Fig. 70). The heavy head is sustained horizontally by a short stout neck, and the rigidity brought about by this arrangement, as well as by the stiff uncompromising pillar-like legs, is compensated by the development of a "trunk," a combination of the nose and the upper lip enormously drawn out into a flexible prehensile organ (proboscis). Each of their five digits terminates in a hoof-like struc- ture. Their molariform teeth reach the extreme of development of the grinding cross-ridges. Their upper incisors are greatly enlarged into long Fig. 70. Proboscidea. a, extinct mammoth, Elcphas primigenius. (After Schmid.) b, restoration of an extinct dinothere, Dinotherium giganteum. (After Abel.) c, African elephant, Loxodonta. (After Schmid.) Some proboscideans, such as the mastodons and the hairy mammoths of the Ice Ages, became extinct in comparatively recent times, geologically speaking, while other less specialized ancestors, as Dinotherium of Europe and Asia, and Palaeomastodon of Egypt, are considerably more ancient. There are two genera of living proboscideans: Elephas, the small-eared Asiatic elephant; and Loxodonta, the large-eared African variety. The former species has been domesticated in India for a long time. One famous individual, "Jumbo," weighed 6/2 tons and was 11 feet high. For years this gigantic beast entertained thousands of children, young and old, under Barnum as impressario. Jumbo's monumental skeleton stands in the American Museum of Natural History in New Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Walter, Herbert Eug
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