An essay on the history of electrotherapy and diagnosis; . considering was contained in a letter directed to Faraday, andwhich appeared in the Philosophical Magazine of August 2nd,1832. Its essential feature was an arrangement of six horse-shoe magnets, which rotated in front of six bobbins woundwith insulated wire. In September, 1832, Pixii devised a machine consisting ofa horse-shoe magnet, rotated in the neighbourhood of twobobbins of wire, as shown in the figure. In order to avoidany inconveniences arising from the perpetual alterations in 66 AN ESSAY ON THE the direction of the current, P
An essay on the history of electrotherapy and diagnosis; . considering was contained in a letter directed to Faraday, andwhich appeared in the Philosophical Magazine of August 2nd,1832. Its essential feature was an arrangement of six horse-shoe magnets, which rotated in front of six bobbins woundwith insulated wire. In September, 1832, Pixii devised a machine consisting ofa horse-shoe magnet, rotated in the neighbourhood of twobobbins of wire, as shown in the figure. In order to avoidany inconveniences arising from the perpetual alterations in 66 AN ESSAY ON THE the direction of the current, Pixii added a commutator to hismachine. The machine possessed the disadvantage that the heavymagnet was the rotating part of the apparatus, but about thesame period Clarke devised a machine in which the bobbinsformed the moving part of the system. Clarkes machine isthe prototype of the popular medical galvanic machineswhich are still on the market. A further stage in the evolution of the dynamo machinewas Stohrers, constructed on the same lines as Clarkes. Popular magneto-electric shocking machine after Clarkes pattern. instrument, but with six bobbins instead of two, and threecompound magnets in place of one. The introduction ofelectro-magnets in place of the old permanent magnets insuch machines is due to Sniseden (1853), Wilde and others. Machines of the type of Clarkes are, of course, not nowused in scientific electrotherapy, and to discuss the evolutionof dynamo machines is quite beyond the province of thepresent paper. Elfctric has already been made to Voltas pile and theCouronne de tasses. Cruikshank, in 1803, introduced his HTSTORY OF ELECTROTHERAPY 67 battery or trough, in which a series of plates of copper andzinc were suitably connected and placed in weak acid con-tained in a wooden trough.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1922
