Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . erous rosette aggregates of calcium oxalate to mm. in diameter; inner bark with bast fibers in narrow,interrupted rows, having thick, strongly lignified, yellowish wallsand narrow lumina, each group being surrounded by a layer of crystalfibers, in which the prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate vary to mm. in diameter; medullary rays 1 to 2 cells in width, 424 SCIENTIFIC AND AP
Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . erous rosette aggregates of calcium oxalate to mm. in diameter; inner bark with bast fibers in narrow,interrupted rows, having thick, strongly lignified, yellowish wallsand narrow lumina, each group being surrounded by a layer of crystalfibers, in which the prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate vary to mm. in diameter; medullary rays 1 to 2 cells in width, 424 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY occasionally 3; cells of the parenchyma and medullary rays havingstarch grains about mm. in diameter. Powder.—Yellowish-brown or light pinkish-brown; bast fiberslignified, much thickened, with numerous pores; crystal fiberscontaining small monoclinic prisms of calcium oxalate; calciumoxalate also in rosette aggregates or monoclinic prisms, from mm. in diameter; starch grains nearly spheroidal, mm. in diameter, not numerous; parenchymatous cells withyellowish- or purplish-brown contents, colored red by solutions ofalkalies. Jk—. Fie. 185.—Transverse section of inner bark of Rhamnus Frangula: b, bast fibers,surrounded by crystal fibers; m, medullary rays; parenchyma containingrosette aggregates of calcium oxalate.—After Vogl. Constituents.—A glucoside frangulin (rhamnoxanthin), whichforms yellow crystals, is insoluble in water and nearly so in alcohol,gives a bright purple color on the addition of solutions of the alkalies,and on hydrolysis yields rhamnose and emodin (see Rhubarb). Italso contains the glucoside pseudofrangulin (frangulic acid), whichyields pseudoemodin; rhamnozanthin, a coloring principle; a vola-tile oil; tannin; starch; calcium oxalate; and ash 5 to 6 per cent. Allied Plants.—The bark of Rhamnus carniolica has been sub-stituted for R. Frangula. It occurs in quills or transversely curvedpieces, the b
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1920
