. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 22 hispanica males are a composite of at least three independent characters or character complexes, as follows: 1) Black color of the back, 2) black color of the sides of the neck, and 3) extended black throat and upper breast color (Fig. 5). I used these characters or their partial phenotypic expression in intermediate specimens for an analysis of the plumage variation in Black-eared / Pied Wheatears and their hybrids. I established one to three intermediate stages for each of the three characters. The values for the characters treated in this way w
. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 22 hispanica males are a composite of at least three independent characters or character complexes, as follows: 1) Black color of the back, 2) black color of the sides of the neck, and 3) extended black throat and upper breast color (Fig. 5). I used these characters or their partial phenotypic expression in intermediate specimens for an analysis of the plumage variation in Black-eared / Pied Wheatears and their hybrids. I established one to three intermediate stages for each of the three characters. The values for the characters treated in this way were determined and totaled to arrive at the character index of each specimen (hybrid index method of Anderson- Sibley, as used frequently in recent years, e. g., Short 1965).. Fig. 5: Adult males of Black-eared Wheatear (O. hispanica; A), Pied Wheatear (O. pleschanka; B) and illustration of possible character expressions in intermediate individuals (C). Explanations: Plumage white (blank) and black (solid). A Gray — extent of black throat color in 'stapazina' morph of eastern populations (O. h. melanoleuca); reduced extent of black throat color in 'stapazina' morph of western populations (O. h. hispanica) is indicated by dashed lines (see text for details). B Dashed white line indicates extent of white throat color in rare 'vittata' morph. C tin- correlated characters of black coloration in intermediate individuals: gray — black throat. Stippled — extension of black throat color to comprise increasing portions of upper breast. Dotted — black sides of neck. Dashed — narrow and wide black Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bonn, Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig
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