. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 160 THE BONES. Fig. support in the violent efforts that flight demands. The two or three last are often even covered by the wing-bones, and joined to them. The inferior crest of the body forms a very long spine, especially in the first vertebras. The spinous processes—flat, wide, short, and consolidated with each other by their opposite borders—constitute a long crest extending from the last cer\ical vertebra to the bones of the wings (Fig. lOD, 7). The trans- verse processes widen to their summit; in the FovjI th
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 160 THE BONES. Fig. support in the violent efforts that flight demands. The two or three last are often even covered by the wing-bones, and joined to them. The inferior crest of the body forms a very long spine, especially in the first vertebras. The spinous processes—flat, wide, short, and consolidated with each other by their opposite borders—constitute a long crest extending from the last cer\ical vertebra to the bones of the wings (Fig. lOD, 7). The trans- verse processes widen to their summit; in the FovjI they are nearly constantly fused with each other. Lumbar and sacral vertebne.—All these vertebrae are formed exactly on the same type; so that it be- comes difficult, if not impossible, to fix the point where the lumbar region ends or the sacral begins. At first independent of each other, these vertebra?, numbering fourteen, soon become consolidated with one another and with the ribs ; but their primitive separation is always indicated by the lateral septa, which form, on their inferior face, the vestiges of the transverse pro- cesses. The former are closely united to the latter in the dorsal region. Coccygeal vertebrce.—In the coccygeal region, the spine recovers its mobility. The tail of the Bird, indeed, fulfils the office of a rudder in directing it during flight; and it is absolutely necessary that the vertebr* which serve as a base for the steering feathers should preserve their independence, so as to allow these to be carried to the right, left, downwards, or upwards. These vertebrje—seven in number—present spinous processes which are often bifurcated, transverse pro- cesses very developed, and sometimes even spines more or less long on the inferior surface of their bodies. The last vertebra is always the most voluminous ; it is flattened on both sides, and terminates in a curved-up point. Head (Fig. 110, f, g).—The head of the Bird is small, and of a conical
Size: 1131px × 2211px
Photo credit: © The Book Worm / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookauthorchauveauaauguste18271, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890
