The outlines of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene Being an edition of The essentials of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, rev to conform to the legislation making the effects of alcohol and other narcotics upon the human system a mandatory study in public schools . escribed) and endswith the large intestine, and is nearly thirty feet inlength. It does not properly assume the form of atube until the beginning of the cesophagus, or gullet,and at one point, namely, at the lower extremity ofthe oesophagus, there is a considerable enlargement,which has the appearance of a bag or pouch, and iscalled
The outlines of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene Being an edition of The essentials of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, rev to conform to the legislation making the effects of alcohol and other narcotics upon the human system a mandatory study in public schools . escribed) and endswith the large intestine, and is nearly thirty feet inlength. It does not properly assume the form of atube until the beginning of the cesophagus, or gullet,and at one point, namely, at the lower extremity ofthe oesophagus, there is a considerable enlargement,which has the appearance of a bag or pouch, and iscalled the stomach. To understand the working ofthe alimentary canal, it is necessary to know some-thing of its anatomy. The two most important tissues in its structureare the mucous membrane which lines it through-out, and the muscles which surround it, and are im-bedded in its walls. 92. Mucous Membrane.—Mucous membrane () is the skin which lines the interior canals of thebody. While the outside of the body is coveredby a smooth, white, tough skin, we see that, at theopenings leading to its interior, such as the mouth, S TO MA CH-DIGES TION. n nose, etc., the character of this covering suddenlychanges, and it becomes a reddish or pinkish mem- OZSOPHACUS. Fig. 22.—The alimentar> canal. brane very soft and delicate in texture, and con-tinually moistened by its secretions. This is calledmucous membrane, and in one form or another itlines all those internal parts of the body, whichcommunicate with the external air. It is made up largely of fibrous tissue, consistingof fine threads, interlacing with each other in everydirection and densely woven. Its surface is cov- 74 ORGANS OF REPAIR. ered with minute cells, called epitJielial cells.^ Atvarious points on the membrane are minute tubesor cavities, less thani-ir of an inch in diam- TOO
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