. Papers and proceedings of the Bergen County Historical Society . u;.v?* ;^>,.:~-T—-.,..*,:,- !- ???? ,^,,: $&KjF-*~ .^a&a^^^^ifiivd^^ Wampum Pipes. per inch to six inches. Their special use was as breast platesworn next to tile body, also over the coats in rows from one tofour in width. They were also called Hair pipes, and were used toornament the long hair of the Indians by running some ofthe hair through them and tying them with bright coloredstrings. The moons and pipes acquired a standard value in trad-ing among the Indians ol* the plains. Wampum Industry in Bergen Counti/. 35
. Papers and proceedings of the Bergen County Historical Society . u;.v?* ;^>,.:~-T—-.,..*,:,- !- ???? ,^,,: $&KjF-*~ .^a&a^^^^ifiivd^^ Wampum Pipes. per inch to six inches. Their special use was as breast platesworn next to tile body, also over the coats in rows from one tofour in width. They were also called Hair pipes, and were used toornament the long hair of the Indians by running some ofthe hair through them and tying them with bright coloredstrings. The moons and pipes acquired a standard value in trad-ing among the Indians ol* the plains. Wampum Industry in Bergen Counti/. 35 THE WAMPUM PIPE MACHINE. David and James were the mechanics of the firm, andprior to 1850 they invented (not patented) a machine to drillholes through the length of the pipes. It was certainly aningenious affair, made from the material at hand. The woodwork crude, the flywheel a grindstone, the belting heavyleather. It was always turned by hand, generally by theboys of the families. Six spools were arranged to hold the ** !j t: >r^v-~- £3|. i * »-** _;:_- ; . gfiv .:-?>-: ^P , Wampum Pipe Drilling Machine. David and James Campbells Invention. hand-made drills, of fine steel, like a medium sized knittingneedle, temperd in a candle flame to a cherry heat, thendropped in sheeps tallow that had been melted. Oppositehe drills were six jointed arrangements that held the pipesthat had been ground to the required form. By the use of afever the drills and pipes were brought together in position(V the critical task—the holes through the center of the veryhard shell, where the least change in the line from the centerWould burst and ruin them. By another lever the pipes anddrills were immersed in water contained in a tank beneaththem, then the power was applied. When the drills had gone :J6 Wampum Industry in Bergen County. half through the length of the pipes the machine was stopped,the lever reversed, withdrawing the drills. The pipes were re-versed, the drills set and immer
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